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Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Mineral Nutrition of Stevia in Different Types of Soil

S. Khanom
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A.H. Chowdhury
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.T. Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

B.K. Saha
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot culture experiment was conducted in a net-house of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from January to June 2007 to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the nutrient contents and their uptake by Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) grown in four types of soil. The soils were saline, acid, calcareous and non-calcareous in nature and they were collected from Khulna, Tangail, Natore and Mymensingh districts, respectively. There were four fertilizer treatments viz., 2 organic fertilizers (poultry manure and cowdung) and 1 inorganic fertilizer and a control were used. The rate of poultry manure and cowdung was 5 t ha-1 and the fertilizer nutrients viz., N, P, K and S were applied at the rate of 120, 24, 80 and 20 kg ha-1, respectively. The experiment was laid out following completely randomized design with 16 treatments and three replications. The concentration and uptake of various nutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca & Mg) in stevia leaves varied with different types of soil. Generally the highest values were recorded with the plants grown in non-calcareous soil and lowest in saline soil. Concerning fertilizer treatments, the chemical fertilizer produced the highest contents of nutrients, however an identical result was obtained in cowdung treatment in most of the nutrients whereas the nutrients uptake were highest in plants treated with cowdung. Overall results suggest that stevia can be successfully grown in non-calcareous soil treated with chemical fertilizers or cowdung at the recommended rate.

Keywords: Stevia, Cowdung, Poultry manure, Fertilizer, Nutrients

Location: In a net-house of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2007

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Stevia, Fertilizer, Organic fertilizer

Objectives:

Since the feeder roots of stevia plants tend to be very near to the surface, it could be a good idea to add compost for extra nutrients. A crop production system, providing information on optimized crop inputs, weed and disease control, harvesting and handling methods would have to be detailed out. Bangladesh being an agrobased country could easily cultivate the plant in its relatively high land such as 'char' lands as it grows well in open space having regular sunlight. Some laboratory trials on vegetative propagation of stevia have been conducted by Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) and Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI). But no detailed reports on the nutritional aspects of this crop were found in Bangladesh. Hence, the present investigation was undertaken with the objective of increasing mineral nutritional status of stevia through fertilizer treatments.

Methodology:

A pot culture experiment was conducted at the net-house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from January to June 2007. Four different soil types namely saline, acidic, calcareous and non-calcareous were collected from four districts of Bangladesh viz., Khulna (Koira), Tangail (Madhupur), Natore (Kachi Kata) and Mymensingh (BAU Campus), respectively. The soils at 0-15 cm depth were collected, air dried, ground and sieved through a 5 mm sieve. The soil samples were analyzed following the standard methods of analysis (Page et al., 1982) for their physical and chemical properties. Four fertilizer treatments, 2 organic (poultry manure and cowdung), 1 inorganic fertilizer and 1 control were used. Nitrogen, P, K and S were applied at the rate of 120, 24, 80 and 20 kg ha-1 and cowdung and poultry manure at the rate of 5 t ha-1, respectively (BARC, 2005). One-third amount of urea and full dose of other fertilizers were applied one day before transplanting. Well-decomposed cowdung and poultry manure were mixed thoroughly with the soil of respective pots 15 days before transplanting. Stem cuttings were collected from the BRAC Plant Biotechnology Lab. Joydebpur, Gazipur. One seedling was transplanted in each pot containing 8.5 kg soil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The crop was harvested at 60 days after transplanting and the leaves were taken for chemical analysis. Nitrogen content was determined following micro- Kjeldahl method as described by Jackson (1973) and other nutrients were analyzed following the standard methods (Page et aL, 1982). Analysis of variance was done with the help of computer package MSTAT developed by Russel (1986) and the mean differences of the treatments were adjudged by LSD test.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agri!. Univ. 6(1): 27-32, 2008 ISSN 1810-3030

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Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experiment was laid out following a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and three replications. The concentration and uptake of various nutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca & Mg) in stevia leaves varied with different types of soil. Generally, the highest values were recorded with the plants grown in non-calcareous soil and lowest in saline soil. Concerning fertilizer treatments, the chemical fertilizer produced the highest contents of nutrients, however, an identical result was obtained in cowdung treatment in most of the nutrients whereas the nutrients uptake were highest in plants treated with cowdung. Overall results suggest that stevia can be successfully grown in non-calcareous soil treated with chemical fertilizers or cowdung at the recommended rate.

Knowledge Management: Journal