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Effects of Planting Date and Ga3 on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion Seeds Grown from Sets

A.K.M.M. Islam
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.F. Mondal
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from October, 2002 to April, 2003 to study the effects of planting date and concentration of GA3 on the growth, yield and quality of onion seeds. There were two planting dates viz., 30 October and 20 November and five concentrations of GA3 viz., 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm. The two-factor experiment was laid out in the split plot design with three replications. The planting date and concentration of GA3 showed significant influence on the growth of plant and yield of onion seed. The highest yield of 392.27 kg/ha was obtained from 30 October planting. The maximum seed yield (389.67 kg) was found at the concentration of 75 ppm GA3 and the lowest seed yield 379.60 kg per hectare was noticed from the control plant. The treatment combination of 30 October planting x 75 ppm GA3 gave the highest seed yield (398.67 kg/ha). The quality of onion seeds varied significantly due to planting time and the concentration of GA3 used. The highest weight of thousand seeds (3.15 g) was obtained from 20 November planting time and 75 ppm GA3. The highest germination percentage (78.90)was recorded from the treatment combination of 30 October planting x 75 ppm GA3.

Keywords: Planting date, Conc. of GA3, Yield, Quality, Onion seed

Location: Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2002

End Date: 00-04-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Gibberellic acid (GA3)

Objectives:

Although many references are available in the literature dealing with the effect of growth regulators and time of planting on seed production of onion, but that information cannot be used directly in the case of varieties of Bangladesh because of varied soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, the present experiment was undertaken to study the performance of BARI- piaz-1 on growth, yield and quality of onion seeds in optimum date of planting and in optimum dose of GA3 for the production of quality seeds of onion. No systematic study involving these two factors viz. Planting date and conc. Of GA3. The present experiment was therefore undertaken- to evaluate the effect of planting date and conc. Of GA3 on the yield and quality of onion seeds.

Methodology:

The present experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from October, 2002 to April, 2003. In the research work, the onion bulbs (sets) were used as experimental materials. The weight of the bulbs required for each treatment was made uniform by weighing before planting. In this experiment, the onion cultivars BARI Piaz 1, two planting dates viz., 30 October, 2002 and 20 November, 2002; and five concentrations of GA₃ viz., 0 (Control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm were used.

The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. In each replication the land was divided into two main plots, each plot was divided into five sub-plots. The size of each unit plot was 1.0 m x 1.0 m. The distance between main plot to main plot was 1 m, replication to replication was 1 m and the distance between two unit plots was 50 cm. The planting dates were assigned to the main plots, and the concentrations of GA₃ into the subplots. Medium bulbs of uniform size (6-7 g) were planted on 30 October, and 20 November, 2002. The distance between row to row was 20 cm and plant to plant in each row was 20 cm. Bulbs were set upright (Novak, 1979) and at a depth of 2.5 cm (Bhardwaj et aL, 1991).

The experimental plots were observed frequently to record changes in plants characters at different stages of growth. Five plants were selected randomly from each plot and data were recorded on an individual plant basis from the selected plant in respect of the maximum plant height, the maximum number of leaves per plants, height of flowering stalk, number of flowering stalk per plant, number of flowers per umbel, number of seeded fruits per umbel, percentage of fruit set, weight of seeds per plant, seed yield per hectare and thousand seed weight. The computer using statistical package program MSTAT-C developed by Russel (1986) statistically analyzed data collected on different parameters and the difference between pair of means was performed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 3(1): 7-12,2005 ISSN 1810-3030

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Achievement/Findings:

The interaction and combined effect of planting time and concentration of GA3 on the thousand seed weight and germination percentage were found to be statistically significant. The highest weight of thousand seeds (3.15 g) was recorded from the treatment combination of 20 November planting x 75 ppm GA3 and the lowest (3.02 g) was from 20 November planting x 0 ppm GA3. The highest germination percentage (78.90) was recorded from the treatment combination of 30 October planting x 75 ppm GA3 and the lowest (74.97) was from 20 November planting x 25 ppm GA3.

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