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Combining Ability and Gene Action in Cucumber (cucumis Sativus L.)

M. Nazim Uddin
Scientific Officer
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur 1701,

M.M.Hossain
Professor
Department of Horticulture , Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

M. M. Rahman
Professor
Department of Horticulture , Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

S. Ahmad
Principal Scientific Officer
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur 1701

A.K.M. Quamruzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out to assess the combining ability effect of different characters in a line x tester method comprising 24 hybrids produced by crossing eight lines with three testers in August 2006- June 2007. Significant differences were observed among the parents and hybrids/crosses for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) respectively. Estimates of GCA effects demonstrated M1 parent as good combiner for indeterminate type vine and F8, F5 for determinate vine. The parent F8 was the best for early male and female flower opening. The tester parents M1 was found good combiner for longer vine, more number of fruits, long fruit and higher yield per plant. The parents F7 was found good for average fruit weight. F7 was the best and F1, F8 were also the good general combiners as well to be used in crossing to improve the individual fruit bearing capacity. Hence, F1, M1, F8 and F7 were recognized as the good general combiners to improve fruit yield per plant. F8 x M2 was the best specific combiner to increase the fruit yield per plant. The magnitude of was high in all characters compared to and dominance variance ( σ2 D ) was higher than the additive genetic variance (σ2A ) indicating the predominance of non additive gene action. The ratios of SCA and GCA variance were higher than unity indicating predominated non-additive gene action over additive gene action for all characters.

Keywords: Combining ability, GCA, SCA, Additive, Gene action

Location: Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

Start Date: 00-08-2006

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cucumber, Combining ability

Objectives:

The present investigation was therefore, undertaken to know the general and specific combining ability of parents and crosses for yield and its components, to determine the mode of gene action in governing the characters and to evaluate the hybrid performance.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during August 2006 to June 2007. Eleven diverse parents viz. CS 0008 (F1), CS 0020 (F2), CS0063 (F3), CS0066 (F4), CS0071 (F5), CS0082 (F6), CS0093 (F7), CS0102 (F8), CS0047 (M1), CS0058 (M2), CS0090 (M3) were used where F series denote female (line) and M series for male parents (Tester). The nine parents were long (Elliptical to cylindrical) fruited locally called ‘shosa’ and rest two were oval shaped called ‘khira’. The parents were cross compatible and crosses were made in a line x tester approach during October to Jauary 2006 by hand pollination.

In next summer 2007 entire 24 cross combinations and 11 parents were sown in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. All treatments were grown in 6.5 m long single row plot with 1.3 m plant to plant distance and 5 plants in each replication. A good drainage system was maintained by a 60 cm drain in between beds. All cultural operations and plant protection measures were carried out as per standard practices. Data were recorded on different characters viz., vine length (VL), days to 50% male flower (DFMF), days to 50% female flower (DFFF), number of fruits /plant (NFPP), single fruit weight (SFW), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), yield per plant (YPP). All quantitative data were used for combining ability analysis according to Kempthorne (1957) and determine the performance of the parents and their relative contribution to the F1s as determined by general and specific combining abilities. GCA represents additive variance, whereas SCA represents non additive effects. Calculations were done using MS-EXCEL.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 7 (1), 64-72: 2009

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Achievement/Findings:

Based on SCA effects the cross combination F8 x M3was found best combiner for earliness as well as for number of fruits per plant. However, before recommending these combinations for exploitation on large scale, it requires further testing. Recurrent and reciprocal recurrent selection procedures should be exploited for the improvement of those traits where additive as well as non additive variances are present.

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