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Variability, Traits Association and Path Coefficient of Yield and Yield Contributing Traits of Selected Boro Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm

T. Chakrabarty*
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.Z. Islam
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

N. Akter
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Khalequzzaman
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Boro season is the most productive among Aus, Aman and Boro seasons. For confirming food security, we need to emphasize more on Boro season to feed more people. That’s why forty entries of Boro rice germplasm were allowed to evaluate for their genetic variations in yield and yield contributing traits, their associations and also direct and indirect effects on yield. Observing means, range and all genetic parameters, selection could be done on the basis of a number of effective tillers, harvest index, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, days to maturity and grain yield. Traits association analysis revealed that days to flowering, days to maturity and filled grain per panicle could significantly improve rice germplasm. Path analysis estimated that direct selection based on days to flowering, days to maturity and filled grain per panicle would be efficient for the improvement of rice germplasm. G5 had the highest yield along with filled grain per plant, harvest index and 1000 grain weight and it could be used as the potential variety for improving yield. The germplasm G7, G19, G9 and G33 could be used in a further breeding program for the improvement of rice germplasm.

Keywords: Germplasm, Variability, Trait association, Path coefficient analysis

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice, Variability, Boro rice, Germplasm

Objectives:

This study was undertaken to find out the variability among the traits of selected Boro germplasm, the association between the traits and yield to find out the selection guidelines, path coefficient among the traits with yield for the effective selection and to find out the promising genotypes for the further advancement of the rice breeding.

Methodology:

All forty entries of Boro rice germplasm were collected from the genebank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI). The germplasm was sown in the seedbed in 30 November 2016 and raised 40 days seedling in the Genetic Resources and Seed Division farm of BRRI. The soil was slightly acidic (pH 6.5), silt clay and low in organic matter (0.86%), having sharp differences in summer and winter temperatures. Hence the seedlings were transplanted in the main experimental field with one seedling per hill in 9 January 2017. The row to row and plant to plant distance was maintained 20cm × 20cm. There were 30 hills for each germplasm in each replication. Entries were repeated for three times. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The recommended agronomic practices were maintained for the proper crop growth.

Data collection Data were collected from the randomly selected ten plants in each replication for plant height (cm), flag leaf length (cm), flag leaf width (cm), days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length (cm), effective tiller number, harvest index, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grain per panicle, grain length (mm), grain breadth/width (mm), 1000 grain weight (g) and yield (kg ha-1 ).

Statistical analysis Mean, range and standard deviation (SD) for each character were estimated. The mean sum of squares was estimated for the calculation of genotypic and phenotypic variances (Johnson et al., 1955). Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were estimated by the formula suggested by Burton (1952). Heritability in a broad sense was estimated which was further defined by Lush (1949) by the suggested formula (Johnson et al., 1955). The expected genetic advance for different characters was calculated using the suggested formula (Johnson et al., 1955 and Lush, 1949). Genetic advance in the percentage of mean was calculated by the given formula (Comstock et al., 1952). Phenotypic and genotypic correlations were worked out by using the suggested formulae (Falconer, 1964). Analysis of path coefficient suggested (Wright, 1921) and modified by (Dewey and Lu, 1959) was used to calculate the direct and indirect contribution of various traits to yield.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agric., 17(2: 103-115 (2019)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i2.45298

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering mean, range and other variability analysis this study expressed wide range of variability among 40 genotypes of selected Boro germplasm. The finding of this study shows that G5 (Kamarang), G7 (Jamir), G19 (Boro135/1), G9 (Sadaboro) and G33 (Moghalsail) are the elite germplasm among these selected forty entries of Boro germplasm due to their overall better performance than average including days to maturity, harvest index, effective tiller number and filled grains per panicle. So, these entries in studied germplasm can be used in future breeding programs to create high yielding advanced breeding lines with short maturity duration, profuse effective tillers along with more fertile filled grains per panicle and good harvest index so that the national rice yield could be increased and provide a safeguard to the national food security. However considering the findings of heritability, association and path analysis days to flowering, days to maturity and filled grain per panicle would be the selection criteria for further yield improvement.

Knowledge Management: Journal