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Impact of Infrastructural Development and Shrimp Culture on Traditional Agro Based Rural House Pattern in the Southwestern Regions of Bangladesh

I S.A.K.U. Khan
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

M.M. Haider
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

A.K.M.K. Islam
Architecture Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

M. Ahmed
Architecture Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

From the early days to the present time, human settlements in Bangladesh experienced several changes and transformations by the influence of agricultural patterns basically found in the rural areas of the country. The rural house is considered as a unit of production in which the hut, the courtyard and wider paddy fields are tied closely. The traditional rural Bengali landscape can be typified as a pond in the east, a bamboo plantation in the west, a banana orchard in the north and an open south. But recent incorporation of roads, bridges, health complexes, rural electrification etc. as well as the deviation of agriculture, such as shrimp culture, poultry farming, dairy business, flower production, nursery business etc. have brought changes in house forms and landscape patterns in rural Bangladesh. The study was conducted in the southwestern region of Bangladesh involving two categories of farmers (crop farmers and shrimp farmers) to find out the impact of deviated agriculture as well as infrastructural changes on agro-based rural household patterns and homestead landscape. This changed pattern and its magnitude are yet unexplored to the researchers and in this article, an effort has been taken to explore those.

Keywords: Traditional agriculture, Shrimp culture, Infrastructure, Rural house pattern

Location: Southwestern Regions of Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

But these changes have not yet been studied enough and there is little or no information in this regard. Hence the present study was undertaken with the objectives of comparing the present forms of rural household patterns found in traditional and deviated agro-based villages of Bangladesh and exploring the impact of infrastructural changes on homestead landscaping in - rural areas. This comparative study has been conducted between two categories of farmers i.e. crop farmer and shrimp farmer to evolve the impact of deviated agriculture as well as infrastructural changes on traditional agro-based rural household patterns and landscape in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A typical Bengali house can be understood properly through a study of the social structure and its position in the settlement system. The nuclei of rural social structures are the household (Ghar) and homesteads (bari) (Mowla, 1999). The households in the studied villages were considered as the modules for the research and the study was undertaken by following the under-mentioned steps. • A physiographic study of the 'Settlement Pattern in Bangladesh' was undertaken using published articles, with a view to developing an understanding of the settlement pattern in the rural context. • The traditional rural `Agro-based Bengali House' was reviewed and analyzed with respect to its spatial organization. Further, the major determinants of the traditional forms of house forms were identified and their effects were reviewed and analyzed. • `Agro-based house structures of rural Bangladesh were described and analyzed with respect to types, morphology, major constituents as well as materials and construction techniques and this was done in relation to the influence of physical, socio-cultural, economic and agricultural factors through history. • A number of case studies were conducted on typical and deviated agro-based rural house forms in the Southwestern part of Bangladesh. The selection of the households was done in two different phases. a. Two different types of agro base human settlements (i.e. crop and shrimp base) were selected. In the crop base, a typical village named Shamnagar at Jessore was selected and in the Shrimp base, a typical village named Jatindronagar at Satkhira was selected on a random basis. b. Sample homesteads were also selected randomly from the villages. To conduct the study, ten households were selected from each village. • Questionnaire survey was carried out to collect information on the changes of rural homesteads. The oldest member of the family was considered as the key person for the interview. Some women were considered as a resource person to know their preferences for the functional arrangements inside the houses. • The layout of the houses was made and used to analyze for documenting the use of the spaces, the sequence of functional activities, structure of the house and housing materials, and different influences/changes that exist in the present agro-based rural homestead. The literature reviews served the purpose of making the knowledge base about the patterns of traditional agro-based rural house patterns and their historical changes. The other methods like observations, interviews, layouts, and photographs were used to trace the present status and transformations of agro-based rural households with their landscape due to the impact of deviated agricultural practices and infrastructural changes of the villages in Bangladesh.

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric., 2006, 1 (2): 64-71 ISSN: 1991-0037

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study was conducted in the southwestern region of Bangladesh involving two categories of farmers (crop farmers and shrimp farmers) to find out the impact of deviated agriculture as well as infrastructural changes on agro-based rural household patterns and homestead landscape. This changed pattern and its magnitude are yet unexplored to the researchers and in this article, an effort has been taken to explore those.

Knowledge Management: Journal