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Raised-bed Land Management for Increasing Wheat Production Under Rice-wheat Cropping Systems

M.I. Hossain
Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research Centre, Rajshahi

J. Uddin
Principal Scientific Officer
SRDI, Regional Laboratory, Khulna

M.A. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
SRDI, Regional Laboratory, Rajshahi

*K.G. Quddus
Professor
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

M. Ahmed
Principal Scientific Officer
SRDI, Regional Laboratory, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted during three wheat-related cropping seasons at the Regional Wheat Research Center experimental field in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, to compare the effects of tillage options, nitrogen levels and nitrogen management strategies on wheat. Two tillage systems: (manually prepared, permanent bed and conventionally tilled on the flat), two nitrogen management practices (broadcast, and furrow placement between wheat rows) and three N levels (50, 100 and 150% N ha"' of recommended N dose representing 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) were used. Wheat yields predictably responded to N fertilizer rates in all year's overall treatments. There were no significant differences between the two nitrogen management practices in 2 out of 3 years. Using raised beds at a 150% N rate gave a statistically higher yield in all years. Using raised beds at 50% N rate was statistically similar to 150% conventionally tilled in all. years. The data indicate that by using raised beds compared to conventional tillage, nitrogen uptake and efficiency can be increased. The maximum N uptake by the grain and total N uptake by the plant was recorded in PB where the highest dose of N was applied. Permanent bed tillage systems also showed substantial water saving (35%) over the CTF treatments. Thus, in areas where water resources are often limited and nutrient uptake and efficiencies are low, the use of raised beds in a permanent bed cropping system would be a distinct advantage.

Keywords: Wheat, Tillage options, Nitrogen levels, N-uptake, Lodging, Permanent beds

Location: Regional Wheat Research Center experimental field in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Cropping System, Raised bed

Objectives:

The information available so far, regarding this practice is inadequate in Bangladesh. Bed planting will increase not only yields but will save money and will improve soil health over the long term. Hence the study was undertaken (i) to evaluate rice-wheat-mungbean cropping sequence under a permanent bed-planting system in comparison with conventionally flat tilled method (ii) to assess N management effects on yield and to estimate N use efficiency and (iii) to study the profitability of this cropping pattern.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried at the research field of Regional Wheat Research Center of BARI, Shyampur, Rajshahi, Bangladesh during winter season of 2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003 using wheat variety Protiva. The experimental soil contained low organic matter (0.04 %) and had low nitrogen (14 mg) supply capacity. Texturally the soil was silty clay loam and neutral in nature (BARC, 1997). Two tillage systems were (i) manually prepared, permanent bed (PB) and (ii) conventionally tilled on the flat (CTF). Two nitrogen management practices i.e. broadcast, (BC) and furrow placement (FP) between wheat rows and three levels of nitrogen 50, 100 and 150% of the recommended N (representing 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) were used as treatment variables. Treatments were arranged in a strip split-plot design with three replications. The unit plot size was 5mx3m. The tillage system was randomly assigned to the main plot, nitrogen management practices in the sub-plot and levels of nitrogen in the sub-sub plot. A blanket dose of phosphorus (60 kg ha-1) from triple superphosphate, potassium (40 kg ha-1) from muriate of potash and sulfur (45 kg ha-1) from gypsum. Two third of nitrogen was applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining nitrogen was top-dressed at crown root initiation (CRI) stage after 1st irrigation. Irrigation water was applied just to fill the furrow in bed and flood irrigation in conventional. Three irrigation and one wedding were done. Data were collected from whole plot basis. Data were analyzed to strip split-plot design with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare the treatment means.

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric., 2006, 1(2): 55-58 ISSN: 1991-0037

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The data indicate that by using raised beds compared to conventional tillage, nitrogen uptake and efficiency can be increased. The maximum N uptake by the grain and total N uptake by the plant was recorded in PB where the highest dose of N was applied. Permanent bed tillage systems also showed substantial water saving (35%) over the CTF treatments. Thus, in areas where water resources are often limited and nutrient uptake and efficiencies are low, the use of raised beds in a permanent bed cropping system would be a distinct advantage.

Knowledge Management: Journal