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Paecilomyces Lilacinus on Egg Hatching and Larval Population of Meloidogyne Sp.

M. S. Monjil*
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. Ahmed
Post-graduate student, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bio-control agent Paecilomyces lilacinus was tested against Meloidogyne sp. causing root-knot disease in vegetables. The experiment was conducted in Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July, 2016 to October, 2017 to study in-vitro the effect of P. lilacinus as a bio-agent against Meloidogyne spp. Experiments were set up with four treatments viz., 1. Hatching of single egg mass in sterilized distilled water, 2. Hatching of 10 egg masses in sterilized distilled water, 3. Hatching of single egg mass in sterilized distilled water along with P.lilacinus and 4. Hatching of 10 egg masses in sterilized distilled water along with P. lilacinus. Hatching of egg masses in sterilized distilled water produced a huge number of life and active nematodes. Hatching of eggs from egg masses in all samples from different areas was greatly inhibited by the inoculation of Paecilomyces lilacinus. Eggs of Meloidogyne sp. were unable to hatch in the presence of P. lilacinus. Application of P. lilacinus decreased the nematode population over control which were less active, and some of them were dead. Moreover, some hatched larvae were directly damaged by mycelia of P. lilacinus, and larvae became inactive and died. The highest percent inhibition of Meloidogyne sp. population by P. lilacinus over control was 91.66%

Keywords: Paecilomyces lilacinus, Meloidogyne sp. Root knot, Egg hatching, Larval population.

Location: Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-10-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungus, Egg

Objectives:

Several efforts for managing root-knot nematode using chemicals are not satisfactory to control; the cost of chemicals and residue problems has made the nematode management strategy unattractive for the growers and extension specialists. Thus, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the biological potential of P. lilacinus on egg hatching and larval population of Meloidogyne sp.

Methodology:

The laboratory work was carried out in Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment was conducted during July 2016 to October 2017. The experiment was done following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). P. lilacinus was collected from Microbiology & Biocontrol Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Previously, P. lilacinus was isolated from an experimental formulation supplied by Haychem (Bangladesh) Limited on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The isolated fungus was examined microscopically on the basis of their morphological traits and cultural characteristics of the fungi such as mycelium growth, colony texture, spores production and other characteristics.

Collection and identification of egg masses of Meloidogyne sp. Galled roots of tomato plants were collected by observing above-ground symptoms from Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm and nearby areas. Five samples were selected by taking one sample from each area of collection. These were sample no. 1 (Noyarchor), sample no. 2 (Boyra), sample no. 3 (BAU farm), sample no. 4 (Bhabokhali), and sample no. 5 (Sutiakhali). Selected plants were uprooted by digging with spade and sickle. Caution was taken to get intact root system without leaving any root parts or gall produced by nematodes. Nematode eggs were separated from knotted tomato roots in the laboratory. Only well-developed light brown and live egg masses were selected. Nematode identification was performed by using photographic microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscope GmbH, Model Stemi 508) at the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Meloidogyne spp. was identified by observing their identifying characters such as vermiform (worm-shaped), multicellular structure and stylet morphology (Eisenback and Hirschmann 1981).

Study of Interaction between Paecilomyces lilacinus and Meloidogyne spp. The In-vitro experiment was conducted for four different treatments viz. 1. Hatching of eggs from single egg mass in sterilized distilled water, 2. Hatching of eggs from 10 egg masses in sterilized distilled water, 3. Hatching of eggs from single egg mass in sterilized distilled water along with Paecilomyces lilacinus, 4. Hatching of eggs from 10 egg masses in sterilized distilled water along with Paecilomyces lilacinus. For hatching of eggs from single egg mass, small-sized petridishes (4.5 cm diameter) were selected. For Hatching of 10 egg masses, petridishes of 9 cm diameter were taken. Egg masses collected from different places were placed in different petridishes and small amount of sterilized water was added to it so that the water kept the egg masses wet. Petridishes were incubated at 25 ºC ± 1 ºC. After 5 days, when the nematodes were hatched from the eggs, they were counted under a stereomicroscope with the help of a counter.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol. 33 (1&2): 71-78

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

P. lilacinus is not expected to cause any harm to plant roots. But, when egg masses and juveniles of Meloidogyne spp. were present, it damaged and destroyed them to a great extent and improved plant growth. It is clear that, eggs of Meloidogyne spp. unable to hatch into larvae in the presence of P. lilacinus. The entire contents of the egg are then used as a food resource by the fungus and completely destroy the embryo or larva (Khan et al. 1997). Therefore, it is expected that the presence of P. lilacinus before the nematode damage would offer greater protection to plants.

Knowledge Management: Journal