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Management Practices of Aphid (rhopalosiphum Maidis) in Infested Maize Field

M. J. Alam*
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

L. N. Mukta
Seed Certification Officer, Seed Certification Agency, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Eleven isolates of identified six different pathotypes of Bipolaris sorokiniana were compared for their effect on leaf blight severity and yield contributing characters of wheat cv. Kanchan by inoculating plants at maximum tillering stage under control condition in pot trials. The pathotypes differed among themselves in respect of leaf blight severity that scored from 71 to 82. But the pathotypes did not differ among themselves regarding their effect on the grain yield of wheat.

Keywords: Maize, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Isecticides, Management.

Location: Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects, Maize

Objectives:

Hossain et aL (1998) reported that the leaf blight disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana reduced yield up to 40% and 80% over the control (untreated) under field and artificial Inoculation, respectively. Ahmed et al. (2001) found six pathotypic variations of Bipolris sorokiniana in Bangladesh. From the foregoing discussion, the research work was undertaken to compare different pathotypes of Bipolaris sorokiniana on leaf blight severity and its effect on yield contributing characters of wheat.

Methodology:

Collection and maintenance of pathotypes of Bipolarsi sorokiniana The representative isolates of six different pathotypes of Bipolaris sorokiniana were collected from the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The pure culture of the isolates of B. sorokiniana was transferred to slants and stored in the refrigerator at 5°C for further 'research work following the method of Gilchrist (1985).

Raising of seedlings The soil was collected from the Agronomy Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The compost was collected from the Dairy Farm, BAU, Mymensingh. The collected soil and compost (4:1) were mixed thoroughly and the earthen pots (20cm dia) were filled with the mixture of soil and compost. After preparation of the pots, 10 wheat seeds per pot were sown and finally 5 seedlings were allowed to grow. Plants were watered whenever necessary. Three pots were used for each treatment.

Preparation of inocula and inoculation Eleven representative selected isolates of six identified pathotypes of B. sorokiniana were transferred from stock cultures and were grown on PDA in Petri plates for 10 days at room temperature (22-24°C). Then the petriplates having B. sorokiniana were kept under NUV light for 5 days for maximum conidia formation. Conidial suspensions were prepared with distilled water by collecting the conidia from the agar surface of PDA. The conidial suspension was then filtered through cheesecloth to remove mycelial fragments and lumps of agar. The conidial suspension was then prepared to 104 conidia/ml following the CIMMYT method (Gilchrist, 1985). The inoculation was done by spraying conidial suspension at flowering-stage of wheat plants with a spore suspension (104 conidia m1-1) using a self-compressed hand sprayer (Hossain and Azad, 1992). Just after inoculation, the pots were covered with previously moistened polyethylene bags for 36 hrs for maintaining moisture. After removing the polyethylene bags the leaf surfaces were exposed but the watering of pots was continued for supplying moisture to the seedlings. A set of healthy plants (control) was maintained by spraying the plants with Tilt (0.1%) following the spray method of Hossain et al., 2001.

Determination of leaf blight severity and yield contributing characters Bipolaris leaf blight (BpLB) severity was recorded after 15 days of inoculation using (BpLB terminal score), double-digit scale proposed by CIMMYT after Saari and Prescott (1975). Yield contributing characters were determined following the method of Hossain and Azad (1994). Data were collected from each plant on plant height (cm), ear length (cm), number of grains/ear, healthy and diseased grains/ear, grading of seeds (0-5 scale) following CIMMYT method (Gilchrist, 1985), the weight of grains/ear (g), 1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/pot (g)

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Environ. Sci., Vol. 38, 23-28, 2020 @ BAED ISSN 1561-9206

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The pathotypes of Bipolaris Orokiniana showed a similar effect on grain formation though variation in respect of leaf blight severity was recorded. This is the first time report in Bangladesh. So, no reference in this respect under Bangladesh conditions is available. The leaf blight disease is of serious concern to wheat growers as well as wheat researchers in the Country. This information is highly required to wheat Pathologists as well as wheat growers in the country for developing a new wheat variety in Bangladesh when they will use B. sorokiniana as a tested pathogen.

Knowledge Management: Journal