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Climate Change and Its Consequences on Marine Ecosystem

M. K. Tafader
Department of Environmental Science, Linkoping University, Sweden

M. M. Uddin
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh

M. U. Nessa
Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

M. Mostafa
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The globe, the only abode for human as well as all living beings are warming at a rate greater than at any period that scientists are warning since the last century. According to the land water distribution, two-third of the earth is covered by water and among the total water, 97.5 percent belongs to the marine environment. This bulk volume of marine water-bearing complex physical, biological and chemical characteristics, as well as diversified organisms structure, make itself an important ecosystem in the earth. This valuable ecosystem is now tinter threl due to climate change by natural and anthropogenic processes mostly human-induced activities. Oceans, estuaries, mangrove forests, coral reefs and seashores are important parts of the marine ecosystem but are affected by climatic variations. Climate-induced phenomenon trigger environmental degradation, biodiversity and habitat loss, ecological imbalance as well as wroth of the global economy. This paper highlights the potential negative consequences on the marine ecosystem due to global climate change.

Keywords: Climate change, Impacts, Marine ecosystem

Location: In Bangladesh

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End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Climate change

Objectives:

The aim of this paper is to make an understanding of climate change and its consequences on the marine environment, through discussing the potential of the marine environment and its relevant importance to the life and nature, impacts of climate-induced events in the coastal system, open ocean, coral reefs, mangroves and sea-level rise.

Methodology:

In order to get an understanding of climate change and marine ecosystems, related articles, books, reports on international conventions, and all IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports from 2001 to 2005 have been studied. Important reports published from Pew Centre (A reputed research centre on global climate change), USA on the different marine environments e.g. coastal system, open ocean, coral reef and sea-level rise, were studied. Moreover, information from the textbooks on oceanography (Thurman, 1983; Ingmanson and Wallace, 1985), marine ecology (McLusky and Elliott, 2004; Tait, 1983; Cunningham and Saigo, 1995; Soysa et al., 1982; Clark, 1996) and zoology (Kotpal, 1999; Mader, 1996) were followed for the study. Web-based information was also discussed.

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric., 2007, 2(1&2):101-106 ISSN 1991-0037

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The marine ecosystem is the biggest part of the earth covering 71 percent of its surface and thus must understand how a changing climate will affect the biota not only in terrestrial systems but also in marine environments (Millar, 2004). Oceans have a major role in the global carbon cycle, however, directly affected by the pace and extent of climate change (Field, 2002). Human beings are either directly or indirectly dependent upon it because of its wide range of contributions to nature. But climate change is a severe threat to this valuable arena of the globe.

Coastal regions are not only important for resources, it is also important for human habitat as six out of ten people in the world live within the 60 km area from the shoreline (Clark, 1996). Thus millions of people around the world are living along the coastal area. So, sufferings due to climate-induced activities (such as sea-level rise) will cause miserable conditions for human beings.

Knowledge Management: Journal