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Impact of Livestock Rearing Practices on Public Health and Environmental Issues in Selected Municipality Areas of Bangladesh

MN Alam
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

AKMA Kabir
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MN Sakib
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M Salahuddin
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

MAK Azad

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Livestock keeping at urbanized areas is increasing folds in rate now-a-days in Bangladesh. To characterize the urban livestock keeping practices and its implications on public health and environmental issues in Mymensingh, Gazipur and Shariatpur municipality, Bangladesh, a questionnaire survey was carried out. Ninety livestock keepers were freely characterized and data were obtained through interviews. Data were analyzed using percentages and mean. Age does not have any role in keeping livestock at municipal areas. The majority (73%) of the respondents have at least primary education. Male dominates in keeping livestock than female. The local political leaders kept the highest number of animals then self-employer or traders takes the second position. Dairy cattle share a lion number (67%) over other species. Ninety-five percent (95%) of available breeds in municipal areas are crossbred and the rest is indigenous. More than 75% of livestock holders keep their animals over 3 years and only 6% of keepers sell their animals within 6 months. Most of the livestock keepers (56%) use their calf as replacement stock. The majority (66%) of the livestock depends on grazing and scavenging for feed from government and municipal lands, unfenced open land, roadsides, rubbish dumps. Most of the livestock owner (66%) does not supplement to their animals with feeds other than free scavenging throughout the rearing time. Most of the farmers (85%) have temporal shed for sheltering their animals during night-time. Almost 78% flying herds available in municipal areas drink water from drainage line. Disease outbreaks are 21%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 13%, and 10% of ectoparasite, mastitis, helminthiasis, lumpy skin disease, wounds, and diarrhea. 14% of livestock owners follow vaccination programs to keep better their animals from viral or bacterial infections. All the respondents (100%) are aware that livestock keeping could have a negative effect on urban health and the environment. More than 50% of the respondents choose dung and urine disposal, malodor and blocked roads are the major damages caused by livestock. Strategies for controlling the damages were as follows: awareness through broadcasting documentary via mass media (4.33), regular health checks via veterinary services (3.96), keeping the database and regularly updated of livestock keepers (3.82), proper disposal of waste (3.69), strengthening rules and policy development for local authority (3.61), reducing numbers of animal (3.48), provision of extension services (3.47), cleaning vicinity daily (3.32). There were some measures taken from public interviewing that need to amend for keeping health and the environment free from diseases and pollution.

Keywords: Municipal livestock management, Public health, Environmental hazards, Bangladesh

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Livestock, Health hazard, Environmental Impact

Objectives:

To compile the baseline information on livestock keeping practices and to identify the major public complaints against livestock rearing in municipality areas on health and environmental hazards.

Methodology:

Selection of study site: Three different stations were selected for conducting the following research plan. Stations were Mymensingh, Gazipur and Shariatpur municipal areas. The study sites were selected on the basis of having a higher concentration of livestock keeping in municipal areas. Selection of livestock keeper: Ward councilor and/or local community police gives necessary information regarding livestock keepers in those municipal areas. Field visits were undertaken between July and August 2014. The livestock keepers were selected who rear cattle and Goat and were able to give information when necessary. Thirty farmers were randomly chosen from each municipal area. Therefore, total 90 livestock keepers were chosen for collecting data to satisfy the objectives. Moreover, a questionnaire was supplied to 30 people of each site to get information about how such livestock rearing practices induce negative influence on public health as well as environmental issues and also get to know controlling measures of those negative impacts. Data collection Data were collected through direct interviews and making a frequent personal visit. Before making an actual interview, the objectives of the study were explained clearly to the farmers. Then the questions were asked in a very simple manner with explanation whenever necessary. Parameters in Interview schedule: The interview schedule contained the following items of information: general information about livestock owners, livestock population, rearing system, housing, sources of feed and supplement, management practices, utilization of products, common diseases and their prevention or treatment, public views against livestock keeping practices on health and environmental hazards, and probable controlling measures of negative impacts on health and environmental issues. Statistical analyses: The survey on different parameters in this study were exploratory descriptive. Therefore, data were compiled, tabulated and analyzed with a simple statistical method to fulfill the objectives of the study. The tabular technique was applied for the analyses of data using simple statistical tools like average, percentages etc. The process adopted a five-point scale to evaluate neutralizing measures for public health and environmental hazards. The scale was assigned values as follows; none = 1; little = 2; more = 3; substantial = 4; and the most = 5. A mean score of 3.0 was obtained. Any item with a score of 3.0 and above was regarded as a neutralizing measure while items with mean less than 3.0 were not taken as neutralizers.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (1): 44-51

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Livestock keeping at urbanized areas is increasing folds in rate now-a-days in Bangladesh because of stakeholders of such livestock systems are the dominant people of the society. Stakeholders did not provide any supplement feed or maintain proper vaccination schedule. They are almost everyone aware about the risks that come from such urban livestock production on health and the environment. There are some measures taken from public interviewing that need to amend for keeping health and the environment from disease and pollution-free.

Knowledge Management: Journal