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Climatic Condition of the Northwestern Part of Bangladesh

M. K. H. Reza*
Department of Physics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Md. Mahbub Alam
Department of Physics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

M. A. Hossain
Department of Mathematics, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The 3-hourly surface synoptic dry bulb temperature (DBT), wet bulb temperature (WBT), daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and rainfall data of five stations under Rajshahi and Rangpur divisions over Bangladesh during 1965–2014 have been considered for this study. The synoptic hours that are considered for this study are 0000, 0300, 0600, 0900, 1200, 1500, 1800 and 2100 UTC for DBT and WBT. The study includes different seasonal and annual trends of average DBT, WBT, maximum temperature, minimum temperatures and rainfall of the northwestern part of Bangladesh. The study also identifies the day of maximum and minimum temperature and in which the maximum amount of rainfall occurred. The maximum rate of increase of DBT is observed at Rangpur (0.038oC/year) in the monsoon season with the coefficient of determination 0.17 at a 99.5% significant level. It is observed that the trends of average WBT and minimum temperature at all the stations in all seasons and annually are increased with the exception of Rangpur and Rajshahi for WBT and minimum temperature respectively in winter where it has a decreasing trend. The trend of annual rainfall is decreasing at all the stations but Rangpur over the region. The annual trend of maximum temperature is increasing at Rajshahi, Ishurdi and Bogra, and decreasing at Rangpur and Dinajpur.

Keywords: Rainfall, DBT, WBT, Maximum temperature, Minimum temperature.

Location: Jessore, Khepupara, Khulna and Satkhira in Khulna division.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Climate change

Objectives:

Islam (2009) worked with model-simulated temperature and rainfall and estimated the increasing trend in rainfall. Alam et al. (2010) worked on DBT, WBT and rainfall over the southwestern part of Bangladesh and found an increasing trend of seasonal rainfall at Jessore, Khepupara, Khulna and Satkhira in Khulna division. The motivation of the present study is to investigate the changes in the different meteorological parameters such as Dry Bulb Temperature (DBT), Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT), Maximum Temperature (MaxT), Minimum Temperature (MinT) and Rainfall of five meteorological stations of the northwestern part of Bangladesh under Rajshahi and Rangpur Divisions.

Methodology:

The 3-hourly (0000, 0300, 0600, 0900, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 UTC) surface synoptic data of DBT and WBT and daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and rainfall of five stations over Rajshahi and Rangpur divisions during 1965-2014 have been collected from the Climate Division of Bangladesh Meteorology Department (BMD). The stations are Dinajpur, Rangpur, Bogra, Rajshahi and Ishurdi. It is important to note that some data were not available in some stations in some years. These data have been considered as missing and have not been used for statistical computations.

3-hourly DBT and WBT data have been used to obtain daily, monthly, seasonal and annual mean values. For the other parameters, the daily data have been used to compute the same. The December of the previous year is added with January and February of the following year for winter. Linear regression equations are fitted for different seasonal and annual data to study the linear trends along with the coefficient of determination (square of the coefficient of correlation, r² ). Student t-test has been done for all cases to study the statistical significance of the trends. The study also includes the identification of extreme values of all the above-mentioned parameters.

Source of Information: Journal of Engineering Science 06(1&2), 2015, 49-56

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

i) The maximum rate of increase of DBT is observed at Rangpur in the monsoon season and the value is 0.038oC/year with the coefficient of determination 0.170 at a 99.5% significant level. ii) The trends of average WBT in all the seasons and annually in all stations over the region have increased except at Rangpur in winter. iii) The observed trend of annual maximum temperature has increased at Rajshahi, Ishurdi and Bogra, whereas it has decreased at Rangpur and Dinajpur. The maximum rate of decrease of maximum temperature - 0.038oC/year with the coefficient of determination 0.173 and 0.284 at 99.5% level of significance is observed at Rangpur in pre-monsoon and at Dinajpur in winter respectively. The maximum rate of increase is observed at Bogra (0.037oC/year) with the coefficient of determination 0.664 at a 99.5% level of significance in the monsoon season. iv) The observed trend of minimum temperature has increased all over the region in all seasons and annually except at Rajshahi in winter and post-monsoon seasons, where it has decreased. v) The trend of annual rainfall has decreased at all the stations except at Rangpur. The rate of maximum decrease is found at Ishurdi (-9.250mm/year) and that of increase at Rangpur (5.761mm/year) with the coefficient of determination 0.090 and 0.027 at 97.5% and 80% level of significance respectively.

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