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Effects of Different Dietary Energy and Protein Levels on the Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Native Hilly Chicken During Growing Phase in Confinement

Halima Khatun
Poultry Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

Shakila Faruqe
Poultry Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

Md. Golam Mostafa
Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two hundred and sixteen 10 weeks of age hilly chickens were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and protein level on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. The chicks were randomly allotted into 3×3 factorial in a completely randomized design. Three levels of energy (2600, 2700, and 2800 ME kcal/kg) and three levels of dietary proteins (16, 17 and 18% CP) were offered ad libitum to the chicks from 10-16 weeks of age. There was no significant interaction effect between dietary protein and energy levels in the diets. At 10-16 weeks of age, hilly chickens fed with the medium protein diet (17% CP) showed shortened feed intake (p<0.001) but FCR was found better in the 16% CP diet. Dietary protein levels higher than 16% CP did not show any significant effect on growth performance. However hilly chicken fed with a lower protein diet converted protein to body weight and body weight gain more efficiently than those fed higher protein diets. Dietary energy contents of 2600, 2700, and 2800 ME kcal/kg did not affect the growth performance of hilly chicken except ME, CP intake, and protein conversion ratio. ME and CP intake were increased with increasing dietary ME and CP levels (p<0.000). Protein utilization was better (p<0.05) in higher (2800 ME kcal/kg) and medium (2700 ME kcal/kg) ME level diet. L*, a*, and b* of breast meat were not affected by dietary ME and CP (p>0.05). Dietary energy and protein level did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the drip loss, cooking loss, and pH of breast meat between the treatments. Based on the data of growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, the optimal dietary ME requirement of hilly chicken from 10-16 weeks of age is 2800 ME kcal/kg and the CP requirement is 16%.

Keywords: Nutrients; Native chicken; Energy; Protein; Carcass characteristics

Location: Poultry farm, poultry production research division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of dietary energy and protein on production performance and carcass characteristics of native hilly growing chicken.

Methodology:

A total of 216 unsexed hilly chicks (10 weeks of age) were collected from poultry farm, poultry production research division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. Chickens were wing-bended and individually weighed. Based on the body weights, they were randomly assigned in to 9 treatments. Each treatment group consisted of 3 replicates of 8 hilly chicks. The treatments arranged as 3×3 factorials in completely randomized design with three crude protein levels (16, 17, and 18%) and three metabolizable energy levels (2600, 2700, and 2800 kcal/kg ME). Feeder and waterer were cleaned daily prior to feed supply in the morning and clean water was supplied ad libitum twice daily in the morning and evening. The chickens in each treatment were raised in a 2.5 m² pen on a concrete floor in the indoor house. The initial body weights of the birds were taken at the beginning of the experiment and at weekly intervals thereafter. Feed consumption on a pen basis was weekly measured for all pens. Average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and digestibility were determined according to the procedure McDonald et al. (2011). At the end of the experiment, three chickens from each replication were randomly selected and fasted for 12 hours. Birds were slaughtered following the ‘halal’ method (Singh et al., 2003). After evisceration, the data on hot carcass and organ weight was recorded. Breast meat from the right side was used to determine pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity, and meat color. The pH values of breast meat from each carcass were measured using a pH meter (Jenway 3510). Ten grams of meat sample was cut from the breast (pectoralis muscle) and blended with 50 ml of distilled water (1:5 ratio) in a clean blender jar; pH measurements were taken at the temperature between 25-28°C. The breast meat color was measured on the surface of samples using a chromameter (CR400,/Minolta, Japan), which was standardized using a white tile. Color for each sample was expressed in terms of Commission International de l’Eclairage values for lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*), which was obtained using the average value of 3 measurements taken from different locations on the meat surface. A total of 162 samples 6 from each replicate (18 per treatment) were used for drip loss and cooking loss analysis.

Source of Information: Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (1), 1-9

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/aajbb.v6i1.54875

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In general, based on the data of growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, it was indicated that the optimal dietary ME requirement of hilly chicken from 10-16 weeks of age is 2800 ME kcal/kg and the CP requirement is 16%.

Knowledge Management: Journal