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Interaction of Arsenic with Other Elements in Arsenic Weeds

R. Sultana
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202

M.W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202

SM.N. Islam
Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University; Mymensingh- 2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A phytoremediation study was carried out with eight weed species commonly grown in Bangladesh to develop an appropriate phytoremediation technology for the farmers of arsenic-affected areas of Bangladesh. The soil was collected from the previous step of phytoremediation study. Initially the soil was treated with seven As levels viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg kg-1 arsenic as sodium arsenite (NaAs02). The residual soils after a series of phytoremediation study were used for the present study. In all weeds, the concentration of arsenic increased with increasing soil arsenic levels. While considering the interaction effect of As with other elements it was found that, with the increase of As concentration, the concentrations of the phosphorus and sulphur also increase both in root and shoot of the weeds. On the other hand, As reduces the uptake of calcium by the weeds.

Keywords: Phytoremediation, Arsenic, Hyperaccumulating weeds, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Calcium

Location: In the net house of Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-03-2004

End Date: 00-08-2004

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Arsenic, Weed

Objectives:

The technique is ecologically friendly and will be economically feasible in Bangladesh context. In some phytoremediation studies, research works are available with the effect of phosphorous on As accumulation by the plants. Here in our phytoremediation experiments we studied the effect of As on the uptake of phosphorus, sulphur and Ca by the weeds. The objective of the study was to asses the interaction of As with other elements in order to develop an appropriate phytoremediation technology. Considering this, a phytoremediation study was conducted in the net house of Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the net-house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, BAU, Mymensingh from March to August 2004. The initial soil was collected from Vabokhali union, Sadar Upazila, Mymensingh at 0-15 cm depth. The soil contained 2.56 mg/kg arsenic. The post harvest soils of these pots after a series of phytoremediation study were used for this study. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design with three replications.

Treatments

In the initial phytoremediation study there were seven treatments of arsenic viz, 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg kg-1 Arsenic (Soil basis) from Na-Arsenate (NaAs02). Initially, urea, TSP, MP and gypsum were added at the rates of 135, 100, 70 and 60 kg ha-1 respectively in each pot. In the present study, there was no fertilizer application and the residual soil arsenic contents were considered as treatments.

In the phytoremediation study eight weed species were used. The weeds included barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli), yellow nut sedge (Cyperus rotundas), joina (Fimbristylis miliacea), chesra (Scirpus juncoids), topapana (Pistia stratiotes), water taro (Monochoria hastata), water cress (Enhydra fluctuants), malancha (Altemanthera philoxeroides). The weed seedlings were collected from the Agronomy farm area of BAU, Mymensingh and other places of this district which are known as arsenic free areas. The weed seedlings were transplanted in the experimental pots on 4th March, 2004. Three seedlings were transplanted in each pot. - The plants were harvested at 45 days of transplanting. The weeds were harvested carefully so that all the roots were collected. The weeds were washed repeatedly with water to remove all the soil particles. Then, the samples were air-dried followed by oven drying at 60°C for 24 hours. The weeds were weighed separately for root and shoot. Plant extracts were prepared separately for root and shoot samples: Digestion was completed using 0.5g plant and 1g soil sample with HNO3 followed by H202 at 120 °C temperature.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agri!. Univ. 4(2): 211-217, 2006 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The correlation results of Ca revealed that a strong negative relationship existed among soil As levels and Ca concentrations. In barnyard grass, chesra, malancha, water cress and topapana the `r values ranges between -0.8* to -0.98** indicating a strong negative relationship. In .water taro a negative but weak relationship existed among Ca concentration in shoot and soil As levels, as the ‘r' values is -0.445Ns. The result showed that higher As concentrations in soil reduced the Ca uptake by the studied phytoremediators. Finally it can be said that, arsenic has definite interaction with phosphorus, sulphur and calcium which can play significant role on its effect on crop. These interactions should be considered carefully for developing an appropriate phytoremediation technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal