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Occurrence of Poultry Diseases at Kishoregonj District of Bangladesh

Mohammad Al Mamun
Department of Pathology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Kazi Mehetazul Islam
Department of Parasitology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Md Masudur Rahman
Department of Pathology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to determine the occurrence of different poultry diseases in broilers, layers and sonali chickens at Kishoregonj district in Bangladesh. A total of 1981 chickens either infected or dead were collected and examined to diagnose the diseases. Diagnosis of diseases was made on the basis of history, clinical signs, and postmortem findings and in some cases laboratory examination was performed to confirm the diseases. Overall incidence of infectious bursal disease was the highest (29.32%) in broiler chickens followed by salmonellosis (14.29%), new castle disease (11.78%), infectious bronchitis (9.27%), coccidiosis (6.93%), colibacillosis (6.43%), chronic respiratory disease (4.85%), visceral gout (4.68%), necrotic enteritis (1.59%), mycotoxicosis (0.67%) and infectious coryza (0.08%). In layer chickens prevalence of salmonellosis was higher (30.60%), followed by new castle disease (17.54%), infectious bursal disease (9.16%), coccidiosis (9.16%), chronic respiratory disease (9.16%), colibacillosis (7.01%), fowl cholera (5.26%), infectious bronchitis (4.09%), necrotic enteritis (2.92%), egg peritonitis (1.94%), aspergillosis (1.75%), deficiency disease (1.75%), mycotoxicosis (1.75%), helminth parasites (1.36%), fowl pox (0.97%), infectious coryza (0.97%) and lymphoid leukosis (0.78%). In case of Sonali Chickens infectious bursal disease was the highest (33.95%) followed by salmonellosis (27.31%), new castle disease (19.56%), chronic respiratory disease (11.07%), coccidiosis (10.70%), colibacillosis (8.11%), deficiency disease (4.80%), fowl cholera (3.32%), necrotic enteritis (2.56%), aspergillosis (2.21%), fowl pox (0.74%), helminth parasites (0.74%) and mycotoxicosis (0.37%). In this study it was observed that there was a marked influence of different seasons on the occurrence of different diseases in chickens. In conclusion, diversified diseases are prevalent in broilers, layers and sonali chickens. Thus, proper vaccination and bio-security practices and preventive measures are recommended.

Keywords: Poultry diseases, Prevalence, Chickens, Kishoregonj, Bangladesh

Location: Kishoregonj district of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-12-2016

End Date: 00-11-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Poultry, Diseases

Objectives:

Among bacterial diseases salmonellosis in poultry shows more than 10% mortality and reduce egg production and hatchability for up to 20–30%.14,15 During last few years several emerging diseases and unknown causes threat the poultry industry and causes huge loss to the farmers. For the prevention and control of the diseases in a particular area the incidence of diseases needs to be investigated. Therefore, the study was conducted.

Methodology:

The study was conducted during the period from December 2016 to November 2017 to know the present situation of poultry diseases in commercial chickens at Kishoregonj district under Dhaka division of Bangladesh. A total of 1981 either dead or sick chickens from different poultry farms of different Upazilla were collected to examine. Tentative diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical history, clinical signs and postmortem findings. In some cases disease diagnosis were confirmed by some laboratory examination such as isolation and identification of the causal agents, serological tests and microscopic examinations. To know the actual scenario of the disease data were recorded monthly and to study the seasonal occurrence the whole time was divided into three conventional seasons, namely Summer (March–June), Rainy (July–October) and Winter (November–February). According to species types birds were grouped as Broiler, layer and Sonali to know the species wise variations of diseases.

Source of Information: MOJ Proteomics Bioinform. 2019;8(1):7?12.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In summary, it can be stated that a significant number of diseases were diagnosed where infectious bursal disease (24.73%), salmonellosis (20.24%), Newcastle disease (14.34%), coccidiosis (8.03%), infectious bronchitis (7.12%), colibacillosis (6.81%) and chronic respiratory disease (6.81%) were more frequent in the study area. These diseases are highly infectious and cause mortality in chickens. It has the potential of hindering the economy of the poultry industry at Kishoregonj District. So we have to pay much attention about this problem. To reduce the occurrence of viral diseases we should restrict the birds with the contact of other animals specially the local birds and migratory birds, selecting a good hatchery and following proper immunization process specially maintaining the cool chain in case of vaccination and testing specific antibody titer level at particular period of time interval. In case of bacterial diseases proper sanitation and hygiene should be maintained and specific treatment should provide for their control. The results of the current study also provide a scenario of diseases in commercial chickens at Kishoregonj district. These findings may assist researchers to further research or poultry consultants to make a strategy for the control of specific diseases.

Knowledge Management: Journal