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Feeding Ecology of Ticto Barb Puntius Ticto (hamilton, 1822) of the River Old Brahmaputra in Bangladesh

Md. Mozammel Hoque*
M.S. in Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Dr. Zoarder Faruque Ahmed
Department of Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Dr. Kaniz Fatema
Department of Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Feeding ecology of Puntius ticto, of the river Old Brahmaputra near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh was studied. The fish, locally known as Tit punti, belongs to the family Cyprinidae. Fishes were sampled from February 2010 to January 2011. Stomach content, seasonal variation of food and feeding habits and size group relationship with their food and feeding habits were analyzed in the research work. To conduct the work numerical method, frequency of occurrence method, index of fullness method and point’s method were done. The stomach was found to contain various groups of phytoplankton, zooplankton and other unidentified stuffs. Phytoplankton (97.33%) dominated the diets. Thirty-seven genera of phytoplankton were found in the gut content of P. ticto. Among them, Bacillariophyceae (10 genera), Chlorophyceae (17 genera), Cyanophyceae (7 genera), Euglenophyceae (2 genera) and Rhodophyceae (1 genera) were idenfied. Eight genera of zooplankton belonging to Crustacea (1 genera) Rotifera (6 genera) and Cladocera (1genera) were recorded from the guts. Among the phytoplankton, Chlorophyceae was observed highest in abundance, and Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Euglenophyceae took second, third and fourth position respectively. Among the zooplankton (2.67%), Rotifera was dominant group and Crustacea was the least one. Ticto barb P. ticto fed on phytoplankton much more than zooplankton. The average amount of stomach content was higher in May, June, July, March and April than other months of the year. There was no empty stomach found throughout the study period. Maximum plankton was found in the stomach of the fish of size group-2 (45-54 mm) and minimum was found in the stomach of the fish of size group-4 (65-74 mm). From the research work, it was found that P. ticto was a planktivorous fish species with preference for phytoplankton to zooplankton where Chlorophyceae was the most preferable food for them.

Keywords: Food, Feeding, Environment, Consumer, Ecology

Location: The river Old Brahmaputra near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-02-2010

End Date: 00-01-2011

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Fish, Feed

Objectives:

Puntius ticto locally known as tit punti is one of important ones. This small fish is esteemed as a quality food containing high amount protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium and vitamin. In spite of having enormous economic and nutritional importance of this fish species to the rural people and fishing community, no adequate studies on their population parameters, namely age, growth, recruitment, reproduction and mortality have done in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Information about the study area

The research work was conducted with the fishes which were collected from the part of the river old Brahmaputra, near Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. It lying between latitude 23⁰58' and 25⁰25'N and longitude 89⁰38' and 91⁰15'E with the average elevation of the area in 11.59 meter above the sea level and finally it falls into the Meghna and the Meghna falls into the Bay of Bengal.

Collection of P. ticto sample Hundred fish samples of P. ticto were collected from part of the river Old Brahmaputra near Bangladesh Agricultural University campus once in a month from February 2010 to January 2011 in the morning. Preservation of collected fish samples In total of 1200 fish samples were collected randomly. Immediately after collection, the fishes were preserved in a plastic bottle with 10% formalin to prevent further digestion of food materials. Collection of stomach Fifteen fishes were chosen randomly to study the stomach contents at each month. Analysis of stomach content Each stomach contents were analyzed separately. The body cavity of fish was carefully opened and the alimentary canal was dissected out into a clean petridish. Quantitative Study The quantitative study of plankton was done by S-R cell under microscope.

Counting The cell was filled and covered with cover slip so as to eliminate air bubbles and left to stand for 15 minutes to allow the plankton to settle. The under microscope plankters were counted in 10 or more fields randomly.

Source of Information: Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2016). 3(12): 6-11

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.22192/ijamr

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A total of 120 fish specimens belong to five groups were studied to determine the relationship between fish size and feeding pattern. Average stomach content of the fish belong to size group-2 was found highest and the lowest was found in size group-4 based on average index of fullness.

Therefore, considering the findings of the present research work, the following conclusions can be drawn. The stomachs of P. ticto were found to contain various groups of phytoplankton and only three groups of zooplankton. Among phytoplankton, Chlorophyceae was dominant group followed by Cyanophyceae. Among zooplankton, three groups, Rotifera was found. Spirogyra, Tetraedon, Chlorella, Aphanothece, Microcystis and Oscillatoria were dominant genus among phytoplankton on the other hand Asplanchna was dominant genus among zooplankton. Therefore, finally it was concluded that P. ticto is a planktivorous small indigenous fish species, which feeds in the surface and sub-surface of the water body.

Knowledge Management: Journal