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Comparative Study of Growth Performance of Deshi, Fayoumi, Rir and Sonali Chicken Reared Under Farm and Semi Scavenging Condition

S. S. Jahan
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

M. S. Islam
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

K. M. M. Hossain
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

M. A. Islam
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

M. S. Islam
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

A. Kabir
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

M. A. Alim
Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalgang-8100, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The objectives of the study are to compare the growth performance of Deshi, Fayoumi, RIR, and Sonali chicken reared under farm and semi-scavenging. A total of 288 day-old chicks (72 from Deshi, 72 Fayoumi, 72 RIR, and 72 Sonali) were used in this trial for a period of 20 weeks of age with 4 genotypes. 144 chicks were reared under farm conditions and another144 chicks were under a semi-scavenging system. In farm, birds were fed ad libitum a commercial starter and grower feed. In semi-scavenging at first 5 weeks, each chick was fed 10g balanced feed and the maximum supplement was 50g up to the end of the experiment. This study revealed that day-old chick weight was the highest in RIR, intermediate and similar in Sonali and Fayoumi, and the lowest in Deshi (P<0.01). Day-old chick weight did not differ between farm and semi-scavenging (P>0.05). The highest live weight was found in RIR followed by Sonali, Fayoumi, and Deshi at 20 weeks of age. All genotypes were heavier in farms than in those reared in semi-scavenging except Deshi. Live weight gain at 20 weeks of age was the highest in RIR followed by Sonali, Fayoumi, and Deshi (P<0.01). Deshi chicken was heavier in semi-scavenging in comparison to farm conditions. A similar and higher survival rate was found in Sonali, Fayoumi, and RIR and lower in Deshi (P<0.01). In farm conditions, survivability was higher than in semi-scavenging. Farm-reared Deshi chicken tended to minimize survivability than those reared in semi-scavenging. Feed intake was similar and higher in RIR and Sonali, intermediate in Fayoumi, and the lowest in Deshi (P<0.01). Superior feed conversion was found in RIR followed by Sonali, Fayoumi and Deshi. Feed conversion was higher in semi-scavenging than that in farms (P<0.01). From the study it is concluded that growth rate, survivability, feed intake and feed conversion ratio appeared to be the best in RIR, Sonali in intermediate, and Fayoumi and Deshi are the worst in growth performance. The farm-reared chicken had better potential than those in semi-scavenging chicken. Deshi chicken had little difference in growth performance in the two rearing systems.

Keywords: Chicken, Genotypes, Growth performance, Rearing system

Location: Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

The objective of studying the growth performance of Deshi, Fayoumi, RIR and Sonali chicken reared under farm and semi-scavenging conditions.

Methodology:

The research was conducted at a poultry farm under the department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The area is situated about 5 km north of the University. A total of 288 day-old straight run chicks (72 from Deshi, 72 Fayoumi, 72 RIR and 72 Sonali) were used in a growth trial for a period of 20 weeks of age. A total of 144 chicks were reared under farm conditions in 3 replications with 4 genotypes. Another, 144 day-old chicks were reared by broody hens and a semi-scavenging system in 3 replications with 4 genotypes. There were 12 straight run chicks in each replication. The house was properly cleaned with water and disinfected and kept for two weeks before the placement of the experimental chicks. Phenol was used as a disinfectant and dry rice husk was used as litter. The house was divided into 12 pens using bamboo. Chicks of all pens were brooded under the brooder. The chicks were provided a temperature of 35⁰C at the first week of age, which decreased gradually at the rate of 3°C every week until approximately dropped to 21°C. In semi-scavenging, chicks were brooded by natural brooding with help of mother hens for a period of 2 weeks. One hen was allocated to brood each replicate of 12 Chicks. No extra temperature was provided to the chicks. Brooding and management systems of the experimental birds were shown in Photo 1 to Photo 8. The floor space allowed for each bird was 1350 cm² up to 20 weeks of age. For the first 3 days, the feed was given ad libitum to the birds on newspaper, and water was supplied in round plastic drinkers. One round drinker was used for each replication of 12 birds. After three days, one trough feeder was provided for 12 birds. The feeders and drinkers were set properly so that birds were able to eat and drink conveniently. Drinkers were thoroughly cleaned and washed every day. Fresh, clear, and cold drinking water was made available all the time during the experimental period. Some water-soluble vitamins and antibiotics were supplied to the birds with drinking water. In farm, the birds were fed ad libitum on a commercial balanced starter (0-5 weeks) and grower (6-19 weeks) diet throughout the experiment period. Feed supplied thrice daily (in the morning, at noon, and at night). In village condition, the first week each chick was supplied 10g balanced feed (5g in the morning and 5g in the afternoon). With the advancement of age, feed supplements were increased at the rate of 5g per week and the maximum supplements were 50g up to the end of the experiment. Birds were allowed to move freely outside the house for taking natural feeds in the homestead and surrounds the area to pick up grains, insects, vegetables, etc. The growth trial and the calculated variable were for a 4 (genotypes) × 2 (rearing system) factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the help of a Computer package programme Genstat. Significant differences among the means were isolated by calculating Least Significant Differences (LSD).

Source of Information: Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment; Vol 2 No 2 June 2021 Pages 30-36

Article Link (Online Journal): http://doi.org/10.47440/JAFE.2021.2206

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth rate is the best in RIR, Sonali in the intermediate position and Fayoumi and Deshi are the worst in growth performance. The farm-reared chicken had better potential than those in semi-scavenging chicken. Deshi chicken had little difference in growth performance in the two rearing systems. These results also signify the adaptability of the Deshi chicken in adverse environments and sub-optimal nutrition under semi-scavenging conditions.

Knowledge Management: Journal