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Agricultural Characteristic Performance of Local and Exotic Okra (abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) Genotypes in Bangladesh

Somara Kabir Ima
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Aminul Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Md. Golam Rasul
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Jalal Uddin Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty genotypes of okra including hybrids and open-pollinated varieties both from local and exotic sources were evaluated in the field to study their yield performance and disease response. The experiment was conducted following a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicates significant variation among the okra cultivars for all the characters studied except days to the first germination. The highest number of fruits per plant (19.98) and maximum yield of green fruits per plant (279.59 g) and maximum yield (1.33 kg/m²) were obtained in the genotype G₄ (F₁-hybrid) followed by G₇ and G₁₈. The maximum edible fruit length was observed in G₇ followed by G19 and G₁5. The maximum number of seeds per fruit was recorded in G₄. The highest 100-seed weight was found in G₄ followed by G₁₇. On the contrary, the lowest seeds per fruit, 100-seed weight, and green fruit yield per plant were obtained from G₆. The highest incidence of yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) was observed in the genotype G₆ and the lowest in the genotype G₁₉ followed by G₈, G₂, G₄, G₁₇, and G₁₂. The cluster analysis grouped 20 genotypes into five clusters and the maximum number of genotypes included in cluster 5. A strong positive correlation was observed between yield per plant and days to 50% germination, germination percentage, number of seeds per fruits and 100-seed weight (g). No significant limitation to the report. The results help to identify the suitable okra genotypes and generate breeding materials.

Keywords: Hybrid; Okra; Open pollinated variety; Yield; YVMV

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Okra

Objectives:

In the present study, twenty okra genotypes including high-yielding OP cultivars and hybrids both from local and exotic sources were evaluated for their yield performance and infestation of yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV).

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm under the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur. Twenty genotypes (including hybrid and open pollination (OP) variety) of okra were collected from the seed market and different seed companies of Bangladesh which are cultivated commercially as well as popular at farmer’s level. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications during the Kharif season. The unit plot size was 2.25 m² maintaining row spacing 60 cm having plant spacing of 50 cm within the row. The required amount of the recommended dose fertilizer (Cow dung 10 t/ha, Triple Super Phosphate 100 kg/ha, Urea and Muriate of Potash 150 kg/ha) was applied uniformly to each plot (Anonymous, 1997; Chowdhury & Hassan, 2013). Total cow dung, TSP was applied during the final land preparation. Urea and MP were applied as a side dressing in three equal installments after 20, 40, and 60 days after seed germination (DAG). All the cultural practices were provided to raise a good crop. For screening, the genotypes infested through natural infestation were rating using the percent infestation disease rating scale (0-6) of yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) was used. The recorded data for different characters were analyzed statistically using SAS (SAS, 2010). The analysis of variance and the mean separation was done using Tukey’s test to compare the difference among the means and significance was accepted at P ≤ 0.05 (Steel et al., 1997).

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND POSTHARVEST RESEARCH; 2021, VOL. 4(3), 367-384

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI:10.22077/jhpr.2021.3842.1179

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The genotype G₁₀ (Comola) showed earliness in flowering followed by G₄ (F₁-hybrid) and G₉ (G. Hossain). The tallest plant was produced by the genotype G₉ (G. Hossain). The genotype G₄ (F₁-hybrid) produced the highest number of fruits per plant followed by G₇ (Moonmoon) and G₁₈. The maximum length was observed in the genotypes G₇ (Moonmoon) and the maximum diameter was observed in G₁₇ (Ok-628). The heaviest fruits were produced by G₁9 (Green Finger) followed by G₁₇ (Ok-628). The highest 100-seed weight was recorded in the genotypes G₄ (F₁-hybrid) followed by G₁₇ (Ok-628). The maximum yield of green fruits per plant and maximum yield (kg/m²) was obtained in the genotype G4 (F1-hybrid) followed by the genotypes G₁₇ (Ok-628), G₇ (Moonmoon), G₁₉ (Green Finger) and G₁₈. G₁₉ (Green Finger) showed a slow increase in YVMV incidence. The cluster analysis grouped 20 genotypes into five clusters. Cluster 5 consists of a maximum number of genotypes and is again subdivided into four subgroups. Cluster 1 and 2 consist of only one genotype, G2 and G6, respectively signifying their divergence from other genotypes of the experimental population. Biplot analysis revealed that yield per plant had a strong positive correlation with days to 50% germination (DPG), germination percentage (GPP), internode length in cm (ILT), number of seeds per fruits (SPF), 100-seed weight in g (HSW) and yield per hectare in Kg (YPH).

Knowledge Management: Journal