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Production Time and Nutritional Assessment of Garden Cress (lepidium Sativum L.) Leaves for Ethno-botanical Uses in Bangladesh

Mohammed Arif Sadik Polash
Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Arif Sakil
Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Shahida Sazia
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Atikur Rahman
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Alamgir Hossain
Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The futility of current health care systems for nourishment is a challenge to health professionals and researchers. Moreover, the high economic load and side effects necessitate the identification of natural and cheap products for nourishment. Reflecting those points, this research was aimed to evaluate the nutritional properties of garden cress leaves along with suitable production time in Bangladesh. Garden cress has been used in different countries for nourishment and treatment of different types of diseases but is new to Bangladesh. Successful production practices are indispensable for meeting the economic demand. The present research work was designed to establish a suitable production time for high biomass yield and evaluation of nutritional properties of garden cress leaves for ethnobotanical uses. A factorial experiment with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications was used to accomplish the experiment replications in different months (July to October from 2017 to 2019). Seeds were shown in pots on 1^st July, 1^st August, 1^st September and 1^st October. Relevant data were taken at 40 days from sowing. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the production parameters such as shoot height (31.43 cm), root length (6.67 cm), leaf area plant^-1 (35.38), shoot fresh and dry weight (1.57 and 0.33 g) was the highest in October planting. In the case of nutritional assessment, an attempt was made to establish the variation of chlorophyll, vitamin C, and nitrate concentration over planting time and minerals and proximate composition over garden cress seeds. The chlorophyll (1.0 mg 100 g^-1 fresh weight), vitamin C (0.93 mg 100 g^-1 fresh weight), and nitrate (391.00 mg 100 g^-1 fresh weight) concentrations were the highest in the October planting. Mineral content, i.e. sodium (73.67 mg 100 g^-1 dry weight), potassium (1821.00 mg 100 g^-1 dry weight), and calcium (578.67 mg 100 g^-1 dry weight) were higher in leaves than seeds, except iron concentration, though proximate composition was higher in seeds than leaves, except moisture. Winter planting (October) may attain higher biomass (leaf) production and its leaves could be a fresh source of bioactive compounds, minerals, and vitamins.

Keywords: Chlorophyll; Garden cress; Mineral; Nitrate; Planting time

Location: Department of Crop Botany experimental greenhouse, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2017

End Date: 00-10-2019

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To establish the appropriate sowing date for high biomass yield and evaluation of the nutritional properties of garden cress leaves for ethnobotanical uses.

Methodology:

Garden cress seeds were collected from China and pots from the local market in Bangladesh. The growing media was prepared by mixing soil and cow-dung in a 3:1 ratio. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Crop Botany experimental greenhouse, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to October in 2017-2019. Geographically, the experimental area was located at 24°75' N latitude and 90°50' E longitudes under the Agro-ecological Zone-9 (AEZ-9) named old Brahmaputra Flood Plain at the elevation of 18 m above the sea level, which was under subtropical climate. The annual average humidity of the area was 70-75%; annual average precipitation was 2249 mm and the annual average temperature was 25.3°C. A factorial experiment with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications was used to accomplish the experiment. T. Seeds were shown in pots on the 1^st July, 1^st August, 1^st September and 1^stOctober. Relevant data were taken at 40 days. Randomly selected and tagged plants were assessed by measuring SH from the shoot base to the leaf tip at 40 DAS by a meter scale. Randomly selected and tagged plants were assessed by measuring RL from the shoot base to the root tip at 40 DAS by a meter scale. Proximate principles were determined according to AOAC protocol. The moisture content of the samples was determined by drying the samples at 70±2°C until a constant weight was obtained. Dried samples were analyzed to determine the total nitrogen concentration by the micro Kjeldahl method. A conversion factor of 6.25 was used to calculate protein concentration. The ash concentration was determined by burning 2.5 g of oven-dried sample in a crucible in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 8 hours. The crude fibre was measured by digestion with 1.25% sulphuric acid, followed by 1.25% of sodium hydroxide. Carbohydrate content was also determined by the AOAC protocol. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Minitab 17. Tukey’s LSD test to compare the treatments means at 0.05 level of confidence. Significant differences among treatments means were determined using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research- 12(4): 20-27, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/AJAAR/2020/v12i430089

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the current experiment concluded that the Bangladeshi environment is suitable for the production of garden cress vegetables and October is the best planting time to get commercial yield. In nutritional aspects, garden cress leaves are the natural and cheapest source of nourishment and can also be used in treating ailments.

Knowledge Management: Journal