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Evaluation of Fisheries Management Techniques in Three Wetlands in Bangladesh

Md Golam Mustafa
Center for Resource Development Studies, Ltd., 13C/8C Babar Road, Block B, Mohammadpur, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Aim: To evaluate the impact of community-based co-management and fisheries management techniques on fisheries production and biodiversity in three large wetlands in Bangladesh. Study Design: A robust catch assessment approach to measure fisheries production, species composition and biodiversity in large wetlands. Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in three wetlands in Bangladesh, namely Hail Haor, Kangsha-Malijhee and Turag-Bangshi for a period of two years (2010 and 2011) covering MACH and IPAC working area. Methodology: Species-wise catch and efforts by gear type was monitored through regular sampling to estimate the annual total catch and fishing effort. Randomly selected samples of the catch by species and effort by gear are recorded for each gear type observed to be operated on the same day. The numbers and weight of all fish species in the catch were recorded. The study also compared results in the last years of MACH initiatives to observe the status of fisheries production (kg/ha) and biodiversity Index (H´). Results: The study indicated that the 2011 annual fish production (kg/ha) increased by 125 and 271% compared to the baseline survey in 1999 in Hail Haor and Kangsho-Malijhee respectively. The results suggested that Hail Haor and Kangsha-Malijhee wetlands showed considerably enriched biodiversity over 12 years, whilst, Turag-Bangshi showed upwards from 1999 to 2006 and decreased in 2010 and 2011. In 2010, fish production was 393, 322 and 139 kg/ha, and in 2011 fishes production was 370, 556 and 88 kg/ha in Hail Haor, Kangsho-Malijhee and Turagh-Bangshi wetlands, respectively. Conclusions: The assessment indicated that the overall fish production and biodiversity has been improved due to community-based co-management and this lesson could be replicated widely to sustain wetland resources.

Keywords: Community-based co-management, Fisheries production, Biodiversity, Robust catch

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Aquatic animal, Fish farming, Wetland

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of community-based co-management of fisheries production and biodiversity through a robust catch assessment.

Methodology:

Study Area: The study sites are located in the North-east and North-central regions of Bangladesh. Study sites in the North-east are the intensely flooded areas of Srimongal Upazila (sub district) of the Moulvibazar district and the Jhinaigati Upazila of the Sherpur district encompassing Hail Haor and Kangsha-Malijhee wetlands respectively. During the wet season, the maximum area of Hail Haor is about 13,000 ha, but during the dry season, the area is typically just over 3,000 ha. The Kangsha-Malijhee includes the catchments of the upper Kangsha and Malijhee River system and the wetlands and floodplain have a water area of approximately 8,000 ha during the wet season, which falls to about 900 ha in the dry season. The study sites in the North-central flooded areas of Kaliakoir Upazila of Gajipur district comprised of Turagh-Bangshi wetland. The average water area covers about 10,000 ha at full flood, but diminishes to less than 700 ha at the end of the dry season. The study included six sites in the Hail Haor, four sites in the Kangsha-Malijhee and three sites in the Turagh-Bangshi wetlands, and these were also earlier sites of MACH initiative. Data Collection: Species wise catch and efforts by gear type was monitored through the regular sampling to estimate the annual total catch and fishing effort. During the sampling day, a census (complete count) of gears by gear type in operation is undertaken. Randomly selected samples of catch by species and effort by gear are recorded for each gear type observed to be operated on the same day. The numbers and weight of all fish species in the catch were recorded. Fishing activity was observed for four days per month, per site, for 24 months (2010 and 2011). Gear census covered the number and types of gears operating in the study sites. Species wise catch statistics for each gear type was recorded. 2.3 Data Analysis The average number of gear units per day was used to estimate total gear-wise fishing effort by month and by year. Mean gear-wise catch rate was used to estimate total catch for that month, as well as for the whole year. Gear-wise, overall species distributions were calculated from annual catch statistics data. Year-wise, as well as overall species distribution, were calculated from catch statistics. Fisheries production was measured by monitoring a sample of individual catch from defined areas that were used to estimate the total catch in each wetland site.

Source of Information: Advances in Research, 20(5): 1-14, 2019; Article no. AIR. 54043; ISSN: 2348-0394, NLM ID: 101666096

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/AIR/2019/v20i530168

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The assessment indicated that the overall fish production and biodiversity has been improved due to community-based co-management and this lesson could be replicated widely to sustain wetland resources. Community-based comanagement system should continue in the long term through the resource management organizations and this lesson could be replicated widely to sustain wetland resources. Wellmanaged capture fisheries in freshwater wetlands are diverse and inherently resilient to environmental variability and drifts including climate changes; hence these need priority conservation initiatives. However, policy, create more sanctuary, coordination between Fisheries Department and Land Ministry and effective action plans are needed for the sustainability of wetlands in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal