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Assemblage, Abundance and Diversity of Fish Species in River Dhaleshwari, Bangladesh

Mehady Islam
AgroVet Division, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Rumana Yasmin
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Biodiversity in realism is a measure of the adherents of species that characterize a biological community and is thought to be one of the extremely imperative aspects of community establishment and structure. The study regarding fish biodiversity is very much needed as it is directly related to the fishery's resource structure and also contributes significantly towards resource richness. Therefore the present study was performed to evaluate the concurrent fish species composition, abundance, and some major fish biodiversity indices of the River Dhaleshwari of Bangladesh. The study area was about 564.20 ha and 20 kilometers long along the mainstream of the river Dhaleshwari. The starting point was the Tulshikhali bridge, Keranigonj and the endpoint was Balur char, Munshigonj. The geographical locations of the sampling stations were between 90⁰17' E to 90⁰ 25^' E and 23º 40´ N to 23º 37´ N. The study was conducted between August’2015 and October’2016. The fish species diversity showed spatial variation among the sampling stations. The biodiversity appraisal validates Shannon index (0.122-0.634) with the highest value in Balur char and lowest in Pathor ghata; Simpson’s index (0.325-0.893) with the utmost valuation for the Pathor ghata and lowermost for Balur char; Pielou’s evenness index (0.117-0.588) with maximum value for the Balur char and least for Pathor ghata; Margaleff index (4.793-7.438) with uppermost value for the Balur char and minimum in Tulshikhali; topmost abundance of fish was recorded from Tulshikhali and least for Balur char and the maximum number of unique species was recorded for Tulshikhali and minimum from Balur char. Moreover, the current study correspondingly has ascertained the pragmatism and efficacy of biodiversity assessment to scrutinize and epitomize fisheries resources for better management of the river Dhaleshwari. An effective management approach should be applied for precisely maintaining the fish habitat health and ecological condition intact before it’s too late.

Keywords: River; Dhaleshwari; Assemblage; Abundance; Fish biodiversity; Biodiversity indices.

Location: River Dhaleshwari of Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-08-2015

End Date: 00-10-2016

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal, Germplasm

Objectives:

To evaluate the concurrent fish species composition, abundance, and some major fish biodiversity indices (e.g. Shannon index, Simpson’s index, Species richness and evenness index, etc. are most prominent) of the River Dhaleshwari of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study area was about 564.20 ha and 20 kilometers long along the mainstream of the river Dhaleshwari. The starting point was the Tulshikhali bridge, Keranigonj and the endpoint was Balur char, Munshigonj. The geographical locations of the sampling stations were between 90⁰ 17^' E to 90⁰ 25^'E and 23º 40´ N to 23º 37´ N. The study was conducted between August’2015 and October’2016. The fish were sampled using seine nets of 40 meters and 5 mm mesh size and the sampling was performed up to 100 m reach of all the stations and collected samples were counted then according to the method stated by Vyas et al. [16]. Species identification and confirmation were carried out using the standard keys of Shafi and Quddus, Rahman, and Siddiqui et al. [19]. All the Biological indices were calculated by using MVSP, R, Biodiversity pro, and Primer 6 software packages. All the statistical analysis was done by using SPSS, Minitab, and MS Excel.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research- 2(1): 1-28, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/AJFAR/2018/v2i126112

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study expounds on the concomitant resource structure and habitat characterization concerning the existing resource richness with the help of biodiversity appraisal of the river Dhaleshwari of Bangladesh. The fish species diversity showed spatial variation among the sampling stations. The upstream sampling station Tulshikhali showed the lowest species diversity and species richness whereas, the downstream sampling station Balur char showed the highest species diversity and richness. The Balur char showed the most evenness in terms of species conversely Pathor ghata showed the least evenness. However, the highest numbers of unique species were recorded from Tulshikhali and the least from the Balur char. Moreover, the current study correspondingly has ascertained the pragmatism and efficacy of biodiversity assessment to scrutinize and epitomize fisheries resources for better management of the river Dhaleshwari. Deviation from optimum fish diversity was observed possibly due to the causes of overexploitation or climate change or both. As optimum water quality was indispensable for successful spawning, healthy growth, and survival for most of the freshwater fishes and other aquatic organisms of the river, any modification in water quality of the study area due to human interference (water pollution, industrial effluent discharge, or, sewage dumping, overexploitation) or, global climate change might turn out to be traumatic for most of the freshwater fishes alongside aquatic organisms and may obstruct their spawning, recruitment, and survival, consequently may hinder the entire fish community of the concerned river. If the existing circumstances are not taken under greater concern and apt management practice through better planning and decision making for the proper regulation, conservation, and diligent attention is not implemented as early as possible, then it would be nearly impossible to keep intact the fish habitat structure, health and ecosystem condition of the concerned river. An effective management approach should be applied for precisely maintaining the fish habitat health and ecological condition intact before it’s too late.

Knowledge Management: Journal