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Study on Rural Duck Production Systems in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

I Khanum
Department of Livestock Services, Krishi Khamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

A Chwalibog
Department of Animal Science and Animal Health, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Bulowsvej 13, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Copenhagen, Denmark

K S Huque
Animal Production Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to investigate scavenging duck production systems in two regions (Netrokona Sadar Upazila and Sundargonj Upazila) of Bangladesh. Feeding systems and availability of feed for raising ducks, production performance of scavenging ducks and profitability of raising ducks were evaluated. Information was collected from the farmers through a questionnaire. All the farmers of Sundargonj Upazila used mixed feed compounds, but in Netrokona only 14% of farmers fed mixed feed to their ducks. The rest was either paddy or wheat alone or a mixture of both. Deshi (local) ducks were mostly used in Netrokona but in Sundargonj, farmers mostly raise exotic ducks. The farmers of the Sundargonj area increased the amount of feed with the increase of the age of their ducks, but the farmers of Netrokona decreased the amount of feed. The mortality rate in Netrokona was 27.1% but in Sundargonj it was only 2.12%. The percentage of egg production in Sundargonj was 68.8 and in Netrokona 47.9. The differences in mortality and egg production between the two areas were significant. The total annual expenditure and annual income per duck /year were significantly higher in Sundargonj (Tk.221 and 393) than in Netrokona (Tk. 152 and 318).

Keywords: Bangladesh, Duck production, Feeding system, Profitability, Scavenging

Location: Sundargonj and Netrokona Sadar under Gaibandha and Netrokona districts, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Duck, Duck farming

Objectives:

The following objectives:

To determine feeding systems and availability of feed for raising ducks in the two areas.

To evaluate production performance of scavenging ducks and profitability of raising ducks in different numbers.

Methodology:

A survey was carried out in two different duck-raising areas in Bangladesh (Sundargonj and Netrokona Sadar under Gaibandha and Netrokona districts) using a questionnaire developed mainly for the collection of information on rearing practices, especially on feeds and feeding systems of ducks at the farm level. The survey was designed to collect data from farmers of different land categories reported by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics in 1998 (Huque et al 2001). From each of five land categories (landless, marginal, small, medium and large), ten farmers were planned to be interviewed. Farmers having acres of land of <0.049, 0.05-0.09, 1.0-2.49, 2.50- 7.49 and >7.50 were characterized as landless, marginal, small, medium and large farms, respectively. After analyzing data information from marginal and small farmers, they were grouped together into one group of small and marginal farms, as the differences in the land area were minimum. As the number of ducks per farm affects farmers' income (Huque et al 2001), the farmers in the survey were further categorized according to duck herd sizes in the analyses of data. According to the distribution of ducks, the total farmers (100) in the two regions were divided into four duck categories having 100-200, 201-300, 301-400, > 400 ducks per farm. From each area 50 duck farmers were interviewed with visits to their farms individually. The village farmers of Bangladesh do not keep any written records. All the information was oral. Feed and duckweed samples were collected from the farms and analyzed for proximate components. The data collected through individual interviews were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS (Version 8.2).

Source of Information: Livestock Research for Rural Development 17, (10) 2005

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

* It was concluded that scavenging duck production in the two regions is profitable. * Farmers of Sundargonj area fed their ducks with better types of feed, and combined with better management they achieved a better egg production and lower mortality rate compared to the farmers in Netrokona. * The farmers of both regions reported that feed incurred the highest costs. The amount of supplementary feed increased in the dry season when ducks were not able to forage natural feed. Duckweed was used as a non-conventional feed for ducks. But its usage for fish production affects availability for duck feeding. * In general terms the study indicates that there are great potentials for an improvement of duck production in rural Bangladesh. Regular vaccination and use of balanced diets can have a decisive effect on duck rearing, providing quality products for human consumption and reducing nutritional deficiencies and poverty of the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal