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Ranking of Four Types Fodder as Sole Diet Considering Biological Characteristics and Growth of Local Growing Bulls

Khan Shahidul Huque
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Biplob Kumer Roy
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Nazmul Huda
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In this experiment, evaluation of intake, digestibility, and growth performances of local growing bulls by feeding Jumbo-green, Para, and German grass based on Index (M_f) of Maize is considered and ranked this fodder accordingly. Completely randomized block design. Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, between July 2016 and September 2016. Biomass production efficiency (Xddm), animal production efficiency (Xap), CH₄ emission deduction efficiency (X_CH4), and benefit to cost efficiency (Xbc) were considered to identify the biological characteristics of four fodders. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS-17 to evaluate the intake, digestibility, and growth of animals. Rank of each fodder was calculated through the equation of Maize index (Mi) = (Xddm + Xap + X_CH4 + Xbc)/4. Aggregation of four arithmetic average efficiency; Jumbo-green, Para, and German got 0.42, 0.40, and 0.72 points out of 1.0 points of Mi, respectively. Among four fodders German grass performed best in terms of average daily gain (107 gm/d) and feed conversion ratio (46.9) compared to maize silage (64 gm/d & 58.4, respectively). Weight loss of bulls fed Jumbo and Para has occurred unexpectedly. In combination with mathematical calculation and statistical evaluation, the rank of four fodders measured as Maize>German>Jumbo-green>Para.

Keywords: Biological character; Growth; Maize index; Rank. Bulls

Location: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-09-2016

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Bull

Objectives:

The objectives of evaluating intake, digestibility, and growth performances of local growing bulls by feeding Jumbo-green, Para, and German grass are considered to be ranked.

Methodology:

A three-month feeding trial including 7 days of digestibility was conducted as CRD manner having 24 bulls (Bos indicus; RCC & BCB-1) of 1-1.5 years of age of average 161.5±18.2 Kg in four groups randomly at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. All the animals were de-wormed with Endex (Levamesol BP 600 mg per bolus) and housed individually. Feed was ad libitum but the amount was adjusted continuously with requirement and freshwater was available all the time. Maize and Jumbo fodder were cultivated and ensiled at the same place. Mature German and Para grass were collected from the field of BLRI periodically where it was available. The harvest index was determined at each harvesting time. Animals were weighed at 10 days intervals and all the data which was related to feeding and growth were collected properly. For measuring different production parameters, the efficiency of biomass production of a fodder (Xddm), animal production (Xap), reduction of enteric CH4 emission (XCH4), and the benefit to cost of a fodder (Xbc) are the arithmetic ratio of Maize and a fodder. The arithmetic average of these four efficiencies was termed as the maize index (Mi) of available fodder in the particular region of production. Nutritional comparison of fodders was done by an ANOVA of a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using SPSS, 17 computer software packages. DM, OM, CP, and ash were examined through the guideline of AOAC [10] and ADF & NDF through [11] as well. Gross energy was determined through Bomb calorimeter. The enteric CH₄ emission was calculated using the equation of IPCC [8]. The correlation and regression of M_f of all the tested fodder crops with their i) DM or digestible DM yield/hectare, ii) Kg LW/ha or daily weight gain of growing bulls, iii) Kg CH₄/Kg gain, or with iv) Benefit to Cost was determined and the significance of r values was compared with the tabulated r values at 5.0% level of significance.

Source of Information: Asian Research Journal of Agriculture - 11(4): 1-9, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/ARJA/2019/v11i430068

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The best performance of German grass was clearly visible all through the feeding trial. Considering Maize (M_f =1.0), the calculated M_f for Jumbo- green silage, Para grass, and German grass was 0.42, 0.40, and 0.72. So, these four types of roughages may be ranked as Maize>German> Jumbo-green>Para.

Knowledge Management: Journal