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Strategy for Rice Disease Management in Bangladesh

M T Khatun
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

B Nessa
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M U Salam
Freelance International Consultant (Agricultural Systems), Bangladesh.

M S Kabir
Director General
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The disease is one of the most limiting biotic factors that affect rice production worldwide. In Bangladesh, there are 10 rice diseases considered as major, which cause economic loss in farmers’ fields. Therefore, the aim of this article is to explore all the feasible avenues of technology deployment on rice disease management to restrict the disease infection at a minimum level and thus minimize economic loss. The article is generated using data and/or information from published and unpublished works and incorporating authors’ experiences. It is evident that periodically (odd year) a disease outbreak or epidemic occurred in Bangladesh such as a blast. Under the epidemic situations, research findings estimated a yield loss of up to 98% at the highest disease severity level of infection of the blast. On the other hand, field surveys indicated the highest of 65.4% yield loss from the severely infected fields with the disease. To overcome the epidemics in odd years and to keep the loss under the economic threshold level, it is necessary to undertake preventive measures such as planting of resistant or tolerant varieties, use of disease-free seeds from healthy plants, use of balanced fertilizer where applicable, and following feasible crop rotations. Currently, it is an urgent need for developing a strong and precise weather-based disease-risk forecasting system with at least one week’s lead time based on real-time weather data. Subsequent quick management options such as disease-specific fungicidal treatment should be communicated to all stakeholders using fast-delivery media such as TV channels and SMS could be efficient and effective ways to address the disease outbreak under epidemic situations. To address annualized yield loss, it is suggested to execute interventions like effective training to the root level (both for farmers and extension personnel) and conducting demonstrations in farmers fields, regular field monitoring, digitalization in the disease management sector, revive indigenous technologies as appropriate, and improving rice production system. To continuously improve the rice disease management sector, this paper has proposed an innovative action for three decades through to 2050 under the banner ‘Location, Variety and Disease-Specific Smart Management’ on research, development, and extension.

Keywords: Rice disease, Effective training, Monitoring, Digitalization, Epidemiology

Location: Plant Pathology Division in Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Diseases, Rice

Objectives:

(i) presentation of their changing status, (ii) highlighting the scenarios of yield loss associated with the diseases, and (iii) development and mapping the action plan for three decades on reducing yield loss from the diseases.

Methodology:

The study contains the information mostly conceptualized by the authors. Most data and some ideas were derived from secondary sources, which have been appropriately cited. A number of works (Shahjahan, 1993; Thurston, 1994; Shen and Lin, 1994; Teng, 1994; Islam and Catling, 2012; Arya, 2018) were used for reviewing purposes. The published and unpublished data on yield loss for four diseases - sheath rot, sheath blight, false smut, and blast - presented in graphs in this paper were collected either from farmers’ fields or research fields are mostly from authors own research findings data. A simple diagram has been proposed on networking between farmers’ field problems and researchers. The idea for this was burrowed from Rhoades and Booth (1982). The baseline data for yield loss were estimated by group discussion. The set of disease data were derived from farmers’ demonstrations that were conducted by plant pathologists of the Plant Pathology Division in Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI). Those data were sourced from presented and/or published in BRRI annual review research workshops.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1): 23-36, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): doi.org/10.3329/brj.v25i1.55177

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The key drivers to meet food demand and sustain rice production in the future are the farmers. Hence, emphasis has to be given to the farmers, and how they could reach the existing technologies on rice disease management. However, acceptance of the technologies by the farmers depends on the authenticity of the technologies developed by the researchers. The proposed action plan accommodates both the requirements.

Knowledge Management: Journal