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Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Genetic Resources of Bangladesh and Their Conservation at the Botanical Garden, Bangladesh Agricultural University

A.K.M. Golam Sarwar
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

More than 750 medicial and aromaic plants (MAPs) species have been prescribed for the treatment of different diseases in traditional medicine in Bangladesh. Botanical Garden under the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAUBG) has initiated programmes on ex situ conservation of MAPs along with other conservation activities from its inception in 1963. Presently, five hundred twenty-seven MAP species belonging one hundred one families have conserved here, and the number is ever increasing. Among these, 31 species are threatened of different categories - vulnerable (20 spp.), endangered (8 spp.) and critically endangered (3 spp.) in Bangladesh territory; moreover, many of these MAPs (19 spp. conservation dependent, 11 spp. near threatened and 58 spp. rare) are not readily available to find/collect in the wild. As the population density is increasing at an alarming rate, proper attention should be given to conserving the MAPs diversity of Bangladesh for the welfare of human being and animal health. The scientific evaluation of the pharmacological properties of these plants would provide enormous potential and promise for developing newer, safer and more effective drug candidates for the future.

Keywords: Phytochemicals, Essential oils, Conservation status, MAPs, Bangladesh

Location: Botanical Garden, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

The objective of the present research was to give an overview of the collections of MAPs of the BAUBG and their conservation priority in national/international perspectives.

Methodology:

A detailed survey on the MAPs growing throughout BAUBG was carried out through frequent visit. During the survey, fresh flowering samples were collected; herbarium specimens were prepared as vouchers by drying the fresh samples properly. The dried specimens were mounted on the herbarium sheet and preserved in Prof. Dr Arshad Ali Herbarium at the Botanical Garden, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University. The collected fresh (or dried) specimens were identified in the field or by comparing with herbarium specimens or published literature. The botanical names were updated following and their conservation status follows "Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh" (Ahmed et al., 2008 a,b, 2009 a,b,c,d; Siddiqui et al., 2007) and "Red Data Book of Vascular Plants of Bangladesh" (Khan et al., 2001; Ara et al., 2013).

Source of Information: International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Vol. 6 (2) : 13- 19, December 2020

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that by conserving a large number of MAPs, particularly the rare and endangered plants with the proper care, the BAUBG has emerged as a unique centre for plant conservation, education, research and information relating to MAPs diversity of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal