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Research Detail

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Md. Rezaul Haque
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Mokter Hossain*
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Rahim
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Velvet apple is a neglected underutilized minor fruit of Bangladesh. It is enormously grown in southern coastal areas of the country. They are apparently varied in leaves and fruits. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate morpho-biochemical traits of velvet apple germplasms. This single factor experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that there were significant variations existed among the germplasms. It was noticed that ACC DD5 exhibited maximum leaf length, width, petiole length, width and leaf area (174.70cm2) whereas those traits were minimum in ACC DD2. It was also observed that ACC DD1, ACC DD2, ACC DD4 and ACC DD7 produced terminal flowering while ACC DD3, ACC DD5, ACC DD6 and ACC DD8 showed axillary. Among the germplasms, larger fruit fresh weight (288.67g), width (8.24cm) was found in ACC DD5 whereas minimum fruit weight (94.30g), width (5.92cm) found in ACC DD2. In terms of fruit length, ACC DD1 produced the highest fruit length (8.69cm) and ACC DD2 gave the lowest (5.74cm). It was also reported that ACC DD5 contained maximum (7.67) and ACC DD4 contained minimum (6.33) number of seeds. The highest seed weight (42.26g), length (3.90cm) and width (1.94) was found in ACC DD3, ACC DD1 and ACC DD5, respectively. However, ACC DD5 contained significantly higher amount of TSS (12.35%Brix), and vitamin C (8.73mg/100g) as compared to other germplasms. The results of the experiment revealed that ACC DD5 exhibited the superior performance whereas ACC DD2 showed inferior performance among the germplasms.

  Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), Morphological traits, TSS, Velvet apple
  At different locations of Barisal Sadar and Babuganj Upazila of Barisal district and Dumki Upazila of Patuakhali district
  00-00-2018
  
  Variety and Species
  Germplasm, Velvet apple

In Bangladesh, several studies have already been done so far on velvet apple by many researchers (Fakir et al., 2018; Hossain et al., 2015; Howlader et al., 2012; Rahim et al., 2011; Ahmed et al., 2011; Das et al., 2010; Haque et al., 2009). But information on morphological traits of leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds and biochemical constituents of different velvet apple germplasms are still necessary for better understanding on variation among the germplasms. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the morphological and biochemical features of eight velvet apple germplasms.

Experimental site: The experiment was conducted at different locations of Barisal Sadar and Babuganj Upazila of Barisal district (located in between 22°27' and 22°52' north latitudes and in between 90°01' and 90°43' east longitudes) and Dumki Upazila of Patuakhali district (located in between 21°48' and 22°36' north latitudes and in between 90°08' and 90°41' east longitudes) in the year 2018. Eight (8) velvet apple germplasms were included for this study. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Samples of leaves, flowers and fruits were collected from each location and carried them to the laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for characterization. Data were recorded on various leaf characteristics (leaf shape, color, margin, apex, base, length, width, area, petiole length and width), flower traits (bud length, sepal color, length, width, petal color, length, width, pedicel length and flower position), fruit traits (fruit shape, skin color, flesh color, sweetness of flesh, fresh fruit weight, length, width, total soluble solids (TSS), moisture and dry matter content and vitamin C and seed characteristics (seed size, color, number, weight, length and width). Leaf area was determined by using leaf area meter (LI -3100C, LI-COR Bioscience, USA). 

Determination of TSS (% Brix): TSS content of velvet apple pulp was determined by using Abbe’s Hand refractometer (Atago Co. Ltd., Japan). A drop of velvet apple juice squeezed from fruit pulp on the prism of the refractometer. Percent TSS was obtained from direct reading of the instrument. Temperature corrections were made by using the methods described by Ranganna (1979). Determination of moisture and dry matter content (%): Twenty grams (20g) of fruit flesh was taken in an aluminum foil and kept in an electric oven at 80°C for 72 hours until the weight became constant. Thereafter, the percent moisture content of fruit was calculated using the following formula: Percent dry matter content was calculated using the following formula:

% dry matter = 100 – % moisture content 

Determination of vitamin C: It was determined according to the method of Plummer (1971). 6% metaphosphoric acid solution, 10% standard ascorbic acid solution and 2,6 dichlorophenol indophenol solution were used for the determination of vitamin C. Five ml of aliquot was taken in a conical flask and titrated with dye solution. The vitamin C content was calculated by using the formula.

 

  International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Vol. 6 (2) : 45- 55, December 2020
  
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

From the findings of this study it was found that accession ACC DD5 to be the best in respective of various traits of leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. Accession ACC DD1 showed the best result in fruit length and found to be the best in case of seed characteristics. The results of the experiment revealed that ACC DD5 exhibited the superior performance whereas ACC DD2 showed the inferior performance among the tested velvet apple germplasms.

  Journal
  


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