The Tripuras form the third largest tribal group inhabiting the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of Bangladesh. Many believe that they are descendents of the Bodo group of people, who are considered to be the early ancestors of the peoples of Assam, Burma and Thailand. Most people of the Tripura tribe in Bangladesh have still retained their own culture and practices, which include treatment of various ailments by their own traditional healers. Each traditional healer is considered an expert on medicinal plants and preparation of formulations for effective treatment of diseases. We therefore conducted an ethnobotanical survey of the Tripura tribe to learn more about plants that they use in their traditional medicinal formulations. In the reviews were conducted of the traditional healers and detailed information noted as to plant or plant parts used, formulations, dosages, and side-effects, if any. A semi-structured questionnaire was filled out by the traditional healers during the interview process. Plant s were pointed out by the healers and plant specimens brought to the Bangladesh National Herbarium for complete identification. A total of 52 plants belonging to 37 families were fully identified as to their being used by the traditional healers. These plants include Achyranthes aspera, Centella asiatica, Acorus calamus, Calotropis gigantea, Hoya parasitica, Eclipta prostrata, Synedre l la nodiflora, Oroxylum in dicum, Ananas comosus, Casuarinas equisetifolia, Anogeissus acuminata, Terminalia bellerica, Terminalia citrina, Eupatorium triplinerve, Mikania cordata, Cuscuta reflexa, Kalanchoe pinnata, Dillenia indica, Dryopteris filix-mas, Emblica officinalis, Euphorbia hirta, Erythrina variegata, Curculigo recurva ta, Ajuga macrosperma, Hyptis capitata, Leucas aspera, Ocimum gratissimum, Cinnamomum obtusifolium, Caesalpinia digyna, Clitoria ternatea, Moghania macrophylla, Cassia alata , Acacia farnesiana, Lygodium flexuosum, Urena lobata, Marsilea quadrifolia, Melastoma malabathricum, Stephania japonica, Mimosa pudica, Streblus asper, Nymphaea n o u chali, Zizyphus oenoplia, Adina cordifolia, Ixora parviflora, Mussaenda corymbosa, Aegle marmelos, Clausena heptaphylla, Aphania danura, Pterospermum semisagittatum, Callicarpa macrophylla, Clerodendrum viscosum, and Alpinia nigra. The plants or plant parts are used to treat a variety of ailments like gastrointestinal disorders (loss of appetite, indigestion, acidity, flatulence, stomach pain, diarrhea, blood dysentery, constipation, hardening of stools, piles, intestinal worms), respiratory tract disorders (cough, blood with cough, fever, mucus, pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, throat pain), skin disorders (boils, itches, eczema, scabies, infection on lips), urinary tract disorders (leucorrhea, urinary tract infections, burning sensation in urinary tract, lack of or infrequent urination, frequent urination), hepatic disorders (jaundice) as well as edema, rheumatic pain, elephantitis, toothache, dental caries, impotency, wounds, body ache, epilepsy, heart palpitations, decreased lactation after childbirth, cancer, tumors, malaria, headache, dizziness, diabetes, oral lesions, body pain, leprosy, poisonous animal and insect bites, nicotine addiction, pain and bleeding during delivery, and redness of eye. Taken together the plants and the diseases that are claimed to be cured necessitate scientific studies for validation of the claims and discovery of compounds of potential pharmacological importance.