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A Review on Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Activity

ANM Mamun-or-Rashid
PhD Research student, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Japan

Md. Shamim Hossain*
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Naim Hassan
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh

Biplab Kumar Dash
Lecturer,Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh.

Md. Ashrafuzzaman Sapon
PhD Research student, Bioscience Division, Graduate school of Science & Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.

Monokesh Kumer Sen
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. A comprehensive review was conducted to pile up information about medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. It is a metabolic disorder of the endocrine system and affects nearly 10% of the population all over the world also the number of those affected is increasing day by day. The profiles presented include information about the scientific and family name, plant parts and test model used, the degree of hypoglycemic activity, and the active chemical agents. The large number of plants described in this review (108 plant species belonging to 56 families) clearly demonstrated the importance of herbal plants in the treatment of diabetes. The effects of these plants may delay the development of diabetic complications and correct metabolic abnormalities. This work stimulates the researchers for further research on the potential use of medicinal plants having antidiabetic potential.

Keywords: Comprehensive review, Medicinal plant, Antidiabetic potential.

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

It is projected to become one of the world’s main disablers and killers within the next 25 years. Many factors contribute to the on-set of diabetes and these are termed as predisposing or risk factors. Environmental factors such as diet, obesity and sedentary life style increase the risk of diabetes. Other important risk factors include high family aggregation, insulin resistance, nutritional status, age and lifestyle change due to urbanization. The management of diabetes is a global problem until now and successful treatment is not yet discovered.

Methodology:

Currently available therapy for diabetes includes insulin and various oral hypoglycemic agents such as sulfonylureas, metformin, glucosidase inhibitors, troglitazone, etc. But these are reported to produce serious adverse side effects such as liver problems, lactic acidosis and diarrhea. It is currently affecting around 143 million people and the number of those affected is increasing day by day, by 2030 it is predicted to reach 366 million population worldwide. About 800 plant species have been reported to possess antidiabetic properties. Several plant species have been used for prevention or management of diabetes by the Native Americans, Chinese, South Americans and Asian Indians. The study showed that Asian and African continents have 56% and 17% share of the worldwide distribution of therapeutic herbal plants, respectively]. Biological actions of the plants are related to chemical composition that are rich in phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, and glycosides usually show positive effects. On the other hand, many conventional drugs for treatment of diabetes, such as metformin are secretagogues that have a plant origin.

increasing insulin production and decreasing the amount of glucose in blood. The adverse effect of drug treatment are not always satisfactory in maintaining normal levels of blood glucose and this view many medicinal plants have been provided a potential source of antidiabetic principle which are widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in various traditional system of medicine worldwide and many of them are known to be effective against diabetes. The hypoglycemic effect of the pharmacologically active component of plant decreases the effect on α-amylase and various direct and indirect effects of different blood parameters responsible for the development of diabetes. A large number of antidiabetic medicines are available in the pharmaceutical market for diabetes and its related complications; however, currently no effective therapy is available to cure the disease. However, due to unwanted side effects the efficacies of these compounds are debatable and there is a demand for new compounds for the treatment of diabetes. In the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the herbal medicine in care and management of diabetes both in developing and developed countries, due to their natural origin and less side effects.

In this review article, an attempt has been made to compile the reported hypoglycemic plants available in different scientific journals and may be useful to the health professionals, scientists and scholars working in the field of pharmacology and therapeutics to develop evidence-based alternative medicine to cure different kinds of diabetes in man and animals. This review shows the importance and the interest placed on medicinal plants in the drive to demonstrate their antidiabetic effects and the responsible bioactive agents. This review also covers the common name of a plant, the parts that are commonly used as a remedy source, extracts, doses, and a test model.

Source of Information: Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2014; 3(4): 149-159

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present review has presented comprehensive details of antidiabetic plants used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Some of these plant-derived medicines, however, offer the potential for cost-effective management of diabetes through dietary interventions, nutrient supplementation, and combination therapies with synthetic drugs in the short term, and as the sole medication from natural sources over the long term. The presences of bioactive chemicals are mainly responsible for this anti-diabetic action. However, many other active agents obtained from plants have not been well characterized. More investigations must be carried out to evaluate the mechanism of action of medicinal plants with antidiabetic effects.

Knowledge Management: Journal