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Investigation on Phytochemical, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties of Ethanolic Extracts of Centella Asiatica (l.) Urban

Nayema Ferdous
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

Minhajur Rahman*
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

ANM Alamgir
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. is known to exhibit certain therapeutic properties. In the present work, plant extract of C. asiatica was considered for qualitative assessment of its secondary metabolite contents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, tannins, glycosides and saponins. Phytochemical, cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of the ethanolic extract of the plant were also determined. Plant extract showed the presence of all aimed metabolite contents as well as the brine shrimp lethality with LC50 value 186.46 μg/ml and significant inhibition zone against Escherichia coli, B. Subtilis, Vibrio cholerae, S. Sonnei, and Salmonella paratyphi and non-inhibition against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. The highest zone of inhibition record was 8 mm (at 100mg/ml) and the lowest was 5 mm (at 50mg/ml).

Keywords: Therapeutic properties, Secondary metabolite, Brine shrimp lethality

Location: Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

The plant is found to improve the power concentration, general ability and behavior of mentally retarded in children (Appa Rao et al., 1973) and to treat rheumatic disorders (Howes and Houghton, 2003). Asiaticoside is one of the prime triterpene saponin found in leaves in large amounts is utilized commercially as a wound-healing agent due to its potent anti-inflammatory effect (Pointel et al., 1987; Shukla et al., 1999) and showed the potential use as anti-gastric ulcers drugs (Cheng et al., 2004).

Methodology:

Whole plant extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. was used in the present work. For extraction, naturally grown plant samples were collected, cleaned, chopped, air-dried at room temperature and finally ground into coarse powder. About 100 g powder was macerated with ethanol (1:5) in a sealed container for 5 days at room temperature with occasional shaking. Extract was filtered through Whatman No.1 filter paper and evaporated to dryness under vacuum below 50 ºC to get about 3 g blackish extract. The extract thus prepared was kept at 4 ºC for future use. Methods of Cromwell, Aplin and Cannon, Wall et al., Farnsworth, Bhattacharjee and Das were followed for qualitative assessment of different secondary metabolites. Alkaloid contents were assessed with the help of Dragendroff (D), Wagner (W), Mayer (M), Hager (H) and Tannic acid (T) reagents. The relative abundance of secondary metabolite contents in the extract was expressed by ? or + signs, ranging up to 4+, signifying its abundance in degrees. Cytotoxicity of the leaf extract was determined according to Meyer et al. using brine shrimp nauplii and antimicrobial activity was assessed by disc diffusion method described by Bauer et al. using the ethanolic extract of plant. Each set of experiments was replicated thrice.

Source of Information: Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2017; 5(2): 187-188

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the results evaluated as above, it may be concluded that, the plant C asiatica have promising medicinal properties. It possesses important phytochemical, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities which may be implied as the potential source for antidiarrheal drugs.

Knowledge Management: Journal