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Study of Fungi Associated with Some Selected Vegetables of Dhaka City

Jamiul Hogue
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Shamim Shamsi
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The association of fungi with five selected vegetables of Bangladesh namely, Capsicum fruticans L. (Chilli), Cucurbita maxima Duch. (Pumpkin), Lablab purpureus L. (Sweet bean), Trichosanthes anguina L. (Snake gourd) and Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Pointed gourd) were studied and presented in this paper. A total of 16 species of fungi representing 7 genera were of Deuteromycetes and one genus of conidial Phycomycetes were isolated from the vegetables. The isolated fungi were Alternaria pluriseptata Karst & Har., Aspergillus niger Van Tiegh., Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fr., Aspergillus sp., Colletotrichum dematium (Pers. ex Fr.) Grove, Curvularia brachyspora Boedijn., C. eragrstidis (Henn.) Meyer., Curvularia fallax Boedijn, C. penniseti (Mitra) Boedijn, C. prasadii R.L. & B.L Mathur, C. stapeliae, Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. ex. Fr.) Lind, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma sp.

Keywords: Fungi associate, Vegetables, Plant Pathology

Location: Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fungal Disease, Vegetables

Objectives:

Samples were collected from vegetable markets of Polasy, New market, Kawranbazar and Farmgate areas, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Fifty samples were examined during 2006 to 2007. Fungi were isolated from five samples per vegetable. The fungi were isolated from samples following the "Tissue Planting" method on PDA medium with an addition of 1 drop (Ca. 0.03 ml) of lactic acid which is used for checking the bacterial growth. A total number of 50 inocula 22 mm in size was surface sterilized by dipping in 10% chlorox for 3 min then 3 inocula were transferred in each Petri Plates. Ten Petri Plates were inoculated for each sample. Then the inoculated plates were incubated at room temperature (25 ± 2°C) for seven days. The fungi growing out of the inocula were examined and identified. The percentage frequency of the occurrence of the fungal isolates was calculated by the formula adopting Spun and Welty (1972). For microscopic observations, fungal structures like mycelia, spore-bearing structures and spores were scraped off from the surface with a scalpel or blade or picked up with a needle and was mounted in lactophenol over a clean slide. In case of hyaline structures, a little amount of aniline blue (cotton blue) was added to the mounted fluid. The text figures of microscopic structures were drawn with the aid of a camera lucida. Identities of the isolates were determined following the standard literature (Gilman 1967, Ellis 1976, 1971, Benoit and Mathur 1970, Booth 1971, Subramanion 1971, Barnet and Hunter 1972). In the present study, a total number of 50 samples of vegetables were examined which showed the presence of the members of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma. The species determinations of these genera were made with available literature (Ellis 1971, 1976 and Subramanian 1971). The species belonging to the above-mentioned genera have been arranged alphabetically and only the important synonyms were given where applicable. In total 16 species of fungi were isolated from five selected vegetables. These species belonged to 7 genera of Deuteromycetes and one genus of conidial Phycomycetes. The isolated fungi were Alternaria pluriseptata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Aspergillus sp., Colletotrichum dematiunz, Curvularia brachyspora, C. eragrostidis, C. fallax, C. penniseti, C. prasadii, C. stapeliae, Fusarium moniliformis, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma sp. In case of Capsicum frutescens L., six fungal species were isolated from the sample. The frequency of association of Aspergillus niger was higher (32.16%) and Trichoderma viride was lower (2.00%).

Methodology:

To identify the fungi associated with five selected vegetables.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 24(2): 181-184, 2011 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Thus in the present study, an attempt was made to identify the fungi associated with five selected vegetables. Those vegetables were apparently fresh and healthy but the above-mentioned fungi were frequently associated with those. These fungi are disease-producing and contain various phytotoxins which are harmful for mankind and animals. These fungi also deteriorate the quality and quantity of vegetables during the transit and storage period. It is expected that the result of this study will be helpful in suggesting the people be aware of using those vegetables before cooking. Moreover, this study will make a significant contribution to Plant Pathology.

Knowledge Management: Journal