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Effects of Lead on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.) as Influenced by Manure and Lime

P Jasmin
Department of Soil Science, Mirpur Bangla College, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

AS Chamon
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

MN Mondol
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

SM Ullah
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four levels of lead (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) treatment on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration by cowdung, poultry litter, and lime. The lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoot and root decreased with increasing levels of lead as well as the macronutrients compared to the control. The maximum reduction was observed in the plots treated with 200 mg/kg lead. The highest reduction in macronutrient content was also observed in 200 mg/kg Pb treated pot whereas N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentration was reduced by 0.41, 0.019, 1.15, 0.38, and 0.071% for the shoot and 0.512, 0.071, 0.17, 0.51 and 0.122% for root, respectively. Lead concentration in roots and shoots increased with an increasing level of lead treatment compared to the control. Cowdung was shown to be most effective, followed by poultry litter and lime. This particular organic manure had considerably greater decreasing impacts in lead uptake by wheat crops. Cowdung treated pots increased fresh and dry weight by 14.56 and 13.28% for grain, 7.58 and 7.08% for a shoot, and 2.41 and 2.06% for root compared to pot treated with 100 mg/kg lead.

Keywords: Amendments, Wheat, Cowdung, Lead, Lime, Poultry litter.

Location: Mirpur Govt. Bangla College.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Lime, Manures

Objectives:

To study the effect of different doses of Pb (lead) on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its amelioration by cowdung, poultry litter, and lime.

Methodology:

Pot experiments were conducted with soils (0-15 cm depth) collected from Mirpur Govt. Bangla College belongs to the Belabo series. The properties of the soil such as pH , EC, OM, textural class, total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Pb and CEC were 6.25, 92.6 mS, 0.72%, Silt loam, 0.04%, 0.069%, 0.60%, 0.242%, 0.66%, 8 mg/kg, and 5.63 meq/100 g soil, respectively. Soil organic carbon was determined volumetrically by the wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black as described by Piper (1950) and Jackson (1962) and other parameters by the methods described by Black (1965) and Jackson (1962). Pots were filled with 8 kg soil. Basal dose of fertilizer was added at a low rate i.e. N as Urea 262 kg/ha, P as TSP 55 kg/ha, K as KCl 94 kg/ha, Gypsum 34 kg/ha, and Boric acid 4 kg/ha for Bari wheat-26 (3 plants/pot) (BARC 2012). The soil was mixed with different doses of lead as lead acetate. Treatments with three replications were 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg Pb, respectively. Together with 100 mg/kg Pb with each of cowdung 20 t/ha, poultry litter 20 t/ha, lime 5 t/ha were added as remedial measures having 3 replications in the second experiment. The pots (3 plants/pot) of both the experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design. The plants were irrigated with tap water whenever required. The crops were harvested at maturity. Soil samples were digested with HCl+HNO₃ (3:1) mixture under a closed system (Blum 1996). Aqua regia decomposes nearly almost all complex-forming soil through which most of the ions go into solution and can be measured quantitatively and plant samples were digested with an HNO₃: HClO₄ (5:1) mixture in a closed system (Blum 1996). One gram of finely ground plant sample was digested with 10 ml conc. HNO₃ and 2 ml conc. HClO₄. Lead was determined in the extracts by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) (Varian AA 240). The results of the experiments were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in IBM SPSS statistics version 20.

Source of Information: J. biodivers. conserv. bioresour. manag. 6(2), 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v6i2.55248

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that higher doses of Pb caused toxicity to wheat and soil amendments namely cowdung, poultry litter, and lime caused a significant reduction of Pb uptake.

Knowledge Management: Journal