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Effects of Climate Change on Fisheries Biodiversity of the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa River in Bangladesh.

Md. Jiaur Rahaman
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, BANGLADESH

Noore Safa Ema
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, BANGLADESH

Md. Saddam Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, BANGLADESH

Mohammad Matiur Rahman
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, BANGLADESH

Zakir Hossain
*Corresponding author:
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, BANGLADESH

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Abstract Climate change is a contemporary global threat to the world especially for Bangladesh, because of its geographical location. The study was conducted to assess the effects of climate change on fisheries resources in the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers near Chandpur and Patuakhali districts in Bangladesh. The data on fisheries resources was collected by using a well-developed questionnaire from the fishers and selected fish landing centers. The water quality parameters and primary productivity were measured by using appropriate apparatus and plankton nets. Sixty fish species belonging to 13 orders and 29 families were documented in the Meghna river and 73 species belonging 11 orders and 33 families were documented simultaneously from the Laukhati and Galachipa rivers. Forty-one, 14 and 34 genera of phytoplankton and 24, 12 and 23 genera of zooplankton were identified in the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers, respectively. The average temperature was recorded 27.5 ± 0.90°C, 27.1 ± 1.05°C and 27.4 ± 0.60°C and the dissolved oxygen was 6.37 ± 1.11 mg/L, 5.63 ± 0.33 mg/L and 6.33 ± 0.51 mg/L in the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers, respectively. The pH was 8.3 ± 0.59, 8.03 ± 0.50 and 7.8 ± 0.50 and the salinity was 0.10 ± 0.10 ppt, 0.23 ± 0.13 ppt and 1.2 ± 0.15 ppt in the Meghna, Galachipa and Laukhati rivers, respectively. The results of the present study revealed that the fish species are decreasing day by day in these rivers due to the effects of climate changes.

Keywords: Biodiversity, Climate change, Fisheries resources, Plankton, River

Location: The Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers near Chandpur and Patuakhali districts in Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Climate change, Fisheries diversity

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of climate change on fisheries resources in these rivers.

Methodology:

Study Area: The present study was conducted in the Boro station fish landing centre, Biponibug bazar near the Meghna river at Chandpur district and Patuakhali new market, Dashmina fish market near the Galachipa and Laukhati river at Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. Primary and Secondary Data Collection: Samples of different fish species were collected from the fisherman’s catch landed at different fish landing centers of the selected sampling stations and from fish market as well. A digital camera was used to capture the photos of different fish species. Sampling was made once a month during the study period. The primary data was collected personally by field visit observation from the sampling areas. The primary data on fish species were collected through interview of boat owners of commercial fishing vessels, retailers, fish traders, local people, fishers, riverside settlers and from the sampling areas. The secondary data was collected from various relevant scientific articles, reports, maps, website, library, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh and some local NGO offices. Observation of Physico-chemical Parameters: During the entire sampling period the following physic-chemical parameters of water were recorded regularly. Water temperature was recorded with a digital thermometer once per month from different places of the Meghna, Galachipa and Laukhati rivers. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was determined using a DO meter (Model: DO-5509, China) once per month from different places. pH was recorded using a portable digital meter (HI 98107, Romania) once per month. Water salinity was determined using a digital refractometer (ATAGO, S/Mill, salinity. 0-100 ‰, Japan). Plankton Collection and Identification: Plankton samples were collected monthly (monsoon and post-monsoon) by plankton net (40 µm mesh size) from the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers during the study period. The plankton samples were collected from different places of the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers. Collected planktons were preserved at 4% neutral buffered formalin in the plastic container. Plankton was identified under a light microscope by using S-R cell. A series of pictures of the species were observed under a microscope to identify the plankton. Identification was done according to Bellinger (1992)

Source of Information: EurAsian Journal of BioSciences, Eurasia J Biosci 13, 1705-1717 (2019)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study mainly focuses on the documentations of fisheries resources in the Meghna, Laukhati and Galachipa rivers in Bangladesh. Total number of fish species recorded during the study period has shown good indication of rich fish in these rivers which could be increased in further research. The threatened fish species recorded from the studied rivers indicates the alarming threat to the present conservation status of fishes in Bangladesh. The temperature, DO and pH were favorable but the level of salinity is increasing day by day in the studied rivers. The primary productivity was suitable in the Meghna river but it was not suitable in the Laukhati and Galachipa river. Besides, due to change in climate and result of frequently occurring flood, storm surge and river bank erosion largely affected. From the above consideration it has been appeared that if no necessary steps are taken, this change will be epidemic in future.

Knowledge Management: Journal