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Irrigation Practices Under Boro Rice Cultivation in Haor Areas of Sunamganj, Bangladesh

Debajani Chakraborty
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Pijush Kanti Sarkar
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Md. Abul Kashem
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was conducted in the ‘haor’ areas of Sunamgonj district, Bangladesh, aimed to investigate the present irrigation practices to identify the related problems for ‘Boro’ rice cultivation. The primary field data were collected by interviewing 120 farmers (landless, small, medium, and large farmers) through the survey. Most of the farmers used ‘beel’ (37.5%) as the main source of irrigation water. As water-lifting devices, they mostly used Low Lift Pumps (77.5%). The cost of irrigation was observed the lowest at Derai [Tk. 12,232 ($ 146.784) per season] and the highest was at Dakshin Sunamganj [Tk. 46109 ($ 553.31) per season], respectively. The highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was observed at Derai (2.48) and the lowest was at Dowarabazar (2.01). The financial problem, less water supply, lack of irrigation equipment, and knowledge about operating the equipment were identified as the main problems suffered by the farmers. These problems can be solved by distributing irrigation equipment at a reasonable price and arranging training programs to develop the farmers’ skills.

Keywords: Benefit-cost ratio; Irrigation cost; Low lift pump; Shallow tube well

Location: Sunamgonj district, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-02-2018

End Date: 00-09-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Irrigation scheduling, Boro rice

Objectives:

The specific objectives: (i) to investigate water source for irrigation, irrigation methods used and its utilization pattern, (ii) to analyze present irrigation practices, and (iii) to explore different problems related to irrigation of Boro rice and find out their probable solutions.

Methodology:

The field survey was done at 5 Upazilas of Sunamganj district from February to September 2018. The upazilas were Dakshin Sunamganj (Dekhar Haor), Dowarabazar (Dekhar Haor), Derai (Shormongol Haor), Jagannathpur (Gachtolar Haor and Kapnar Haor), and Chhatak (Dekhar Haor). Primary data were collected from a total of 120 farmers and twenty-four samples from each Upazila by field survey. The samples were classified into four groups viz. landless farmers, small farmers, medium farmers, and large farmers. Six farmers from each group of each location were interviewed. Pre-testing of the questionnaire was done to identify any ambiguities in the questions and to identify the range of probable responses for each question. The questionnaire was tested with five farmers of Kaikharpar village at Joykolosh union in Dakshin Sunamganj Upazila of Sunamganj district on 10 October 2017. The questionnaire was amended after the session. This procedure made the questionnaire unequivocal, suitable, and acceptable to the final respondents. Only a single questionnaire was carried out with each farmer and thus the reliance was placed on the ability of the farmers to recall the answers. Microsoft Excel software was used for data processing and analysis. Analyzed data were organized in tabular and graphical form. The local units of data were converted into international units before analysis.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research- 8(3): 1-12, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/AJAHR/2021/v8i330115

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

‘Beel’ water was the main source of irrigation and the most used irrigation equipment was LLP (Low Lift Pump) in Sunamganj district. Most of the irrigation machines are run by diesel and they were taken from the pump owners. The highest irrigation cost was observed in Dakshin Sunamganj compared to Derai whose irrigation cost was the lowest and BCR was the highest. The lowest BCR was observed in Dowarabazar. The main problems faced by farmers were a financial crisis, low water availability, and lack of awareness about the use of irrigation equipment. The Government agencies and non-government organizations may come forward to solve these problems by distributing irrigation equipment at a reasonable price, arranging training programs to develop the farmers’ skills, providing loans at low interest, etc.

Knowledge Management: Journal