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Research Detail

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Begom Samia Sultana
Central Laboratory, Soil Resource Development Institute, Dkaka-1215, Bangladesh.

Musharraf Hossain Mian
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Jahiruddin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Mazibur Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Noor E. Alam Siddique
District Office, Soil Resource Development Institute, Rangpur-5400, Bangladesh.

Jakia Sultana
Department of Organic Agriculture, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen-6700, Netherlands

Soil acidity and lower soil fertility are the key issues that constraint higher crop yield in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain area of Bangladesh. The study evaluated the effect of lime and manure on the yield of crops in a cropping pattern, potato-mungbean-transplanted Aman (TA)  rice. Experiments were conducted at Agricultural Regional Station (ARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) farm and farmer’s field under Thakurgaon Sadar Upazila, Thakurgoan district, over two consecutive years. Crop varieties were Cardinal for potato, BARI mung6 for mungbean, and Bina dhan7 for TA rice. There were nine treatment combinations with three lime levels (0, 1, and 2 t dololime ha-1) and three manure treatments (poultry manure, farmyard manure, and control) with three replications. The rate of poultry manure was 3 t ha-1 and that of FYM was 5 t ha-1. Lime was added to the first crop for the entire two crop cycles and manures were applied to the first crop of each crop cycle. Application of lime and manure had a significant positive effect on the yield of potato and consequently positive residual effects on mungbean and TA rice. An average 45-59% yield benefit over control for the first crop and 41-43% yield benefit for the third crop was observed. Amendment of soil with dololime @ 1 t ha-1 coupled with poultry manure @ 3 t ha-1 or FYM @ 5 t ha-1 could be an efficient practice for achieving higher crop yield due to optimization of soil acidity and nutrient uptake by plants.

  Cropping pattern; Soil acidity; Liming; Manures; Nutrients uptake; Crop pattern
  Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Thakurgaon
  00-00-2010
  00-00-2012
  Farming System
  Potato, Mungbean, Rice, Cropping pattern

To make amendments of piedmont soils (AEZ #1) by liming and manuring (poultry manure and farmyard manure) and to evaluate their effect on crop yield and nutrient uptake in the potato-mungbean-TA rice.

The experiments were carried out at two sites of Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Thakurgaon and farmer’s field at Rahimanpur union under Thakurgaon Sadar Upazila (located in between 25°40' and 25°59' north latitudes and in between 88°15' and 88°22' east longitudes), Thakurgaon, Bangladesh for consecutive two years (2010-11, 2011-12), first year and second year. According to the General Soil Type classification, both sites fall under non- calcareous brown floodplain soils. Topographically all the fields are high land (HL). Three crops- potato, mungbean, and T. aman rice were grown in Potato-Mungbean-T. Aman rice cropping pattern under the field experiments. The crop varieties were Cardinal for potato, BARI Mung6 for mungbean, and Binadhan7 for  T. Aman rice. The onset and duration of growing seasons were winters (Rabi season, middle of October to the middle of March), spring (Kharif-I season, middle of March-end of May), and monsoon (Kharif-II season, early June – middle October) for potato, mungbean, and T. aman respectively. There were nine treatment combinations comprising of 3 levels of lime (0, 1, and 2 t ha-1) and 2 kinds of manure (poultry and farmyard manure) including no lime and manure treatments. Treatment combinations were L0M0 [Control (no lime, no manure)], L0MPM (no lime, manure as poultry manure), L0MFYM (no lime, manure as farmyard manure), L1M0 (1 t ha-1 lime, no manure), L1MPM (1 t ha-1 lime, manure as poultry manure), L1MFYM (1 t ha-1 lime, manure as farmyard manure), L2M0 (2 t ha-1 lime, no manure), L2MPM (2 t ha-1 lime, manure as poultry manure) and L2MFYM (2 t ha-1 lime, manure as farmyard manure). Farmyard manure was used at 5 t ha-1 and poultry manure at 3 t ha-1. The dose of urea, Triple Superphosphate (TSP), and Murate of Potash (MOP) was adjusted taking into account the amount of N, P, and K supply from manure that was added to the first crop. For all treatments, the fertilizer doses were rationalized for the second and third crops, as outlined in the Fertilizer Recommendation Guide [4]. Micronutrients Zn and B were applied once in a 1-crop cycle across the plots to sustain normal plant growth. Micronutrients (Zn, B)  were supplied to the first crop only. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. The unit plot size was 5m x 4m having an inter-plot space of 0.75m and an inter-block space of 1m. The plots were surrounded by 0.3m wide and 10cm high earthen bunds with 10cm deep and 1.0m wide irrigation channels along one side of the plots. The layout of the experiment was kept undisturbed for the 2-crop cycles. The land was prepared thoroughly by ploughing and cross-ploughing with a power tiller. Every ploughing was followed by laddering. Except for the first crop, the land was prepared every time by 4 - 5 spadings. Dolomite lime was added to the plots before 15 days of sowing/planting. The rates of lime were 1 and 2 t ha-1. Lime was applied to the first crop only with no application to the following crops over two years. Its residual effect was evaluated on the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth crops. Lime contained 20% Ca and 12% Mg. Two kinds of manure, viz. poultry manure (PM) and farmyard manure (FYM) were used. The rates of manure were 5 t ha-1 for FYM and 3 t ha-1 for poultry manure. Manure was applied to the first crop only in each crop cycle. Their residual effects were evaluated on the second and third crops. Manure was added 5 days before sowing/transplanting. Fertilizers such as urea, TSP, MOP, gypsum, ZnSO4. 7H2O and boric acid were used as sources of N, P, K, S, Zn, and B, respectively. All manures and fertilizers except urea to a full amount were applied to the plots during final land preparation. There were three equal splits of urea application for T. aman rice- land preparation, maximum tillering, and panicle initiation stage. Mungbean received full quantities of urea, TSP, MOP, and gypsum during land preparation. In the case of potato, half amount of urea and MOP and the full amount of TSP, gypsum, ZnSO4, and boric acid were applied at the time of final land preparation. The rest amount of urea and MOP was applied 30 days after planting at the time of earthing-up followed by irrigation. The crops were harvested when they attained maturity. Plot-wise yields (main product and by-product) and yield contributing parameters were recorded. Crop yield was expressed as t ha-1. The crop was cut from a 12m2 area of the center of each plot. The grains/seeds were threshed, cleaned, dried, and weighed. Grain and straw/stover yields were adjusted to 14% moisture content for rice, 12% moisture content for mungbean, and 80% moisture content for potato tuber, and 10% moisture content for potato haulm. Ten representative plants or hills from outside the harvested area within a plot were selected to record the yield contributing characters. The data collected for different parameters were statistically analyzed to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. Data analysis was done by computer using MSTAT-C software. Mean values of all the treatments were calculated and analysis of variance for all the parameters was performed by F- test. The significance of the difference between treatment means was evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

  Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research - 3(2): 1-15, 2019
  DOI: 10.9734/AJAHR/2019/v3i229994
Funding Source:
1.   Budget:  
  

Application of lime and manure increased yields of crops under this study. Averaged over two years and two study sites, the addition of lime at 1 t ha-1 resulted in an increase of potato yield by 29.1% as direct effect and 51.7% for mungbean and 23.2% for T. aman rice as residual effects. Such yield benefits due to 2 t ha-1 were 25.5% as direct effect and 47.9% for mungbean and 13.8 for T. aman rice as residual effects. This result reveals that one-time addition may benefit the crops for at least two years (beyond two years period was not investigated in the present study). Further research is needed to ascertain which factor is more important or dominant. While the addition of manure had a marked positive effect on crop yield. Between the two manures, the influence of poultry manure was higher than that of FYM. The tuber yield of potato was positively correlated with the tubers hill-1 and weight of tubers hill-1. Poultry manure gave significantly higher seed yield compared to FYM when the soil was amended with lime 1 t ha-1, but the yield was not statistically different in lime control plots. This indicates a positive interaction between manure and lime applications. The superiority of poultry manure over farmyard manure in terms of their effect on mungbean yield was a pH effect induced by liming. The decomposition rate of manure is assumed to be faster when soil pH increases after liming. Results indicated that both lime and manure applications had a significant influence on soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and crop yield improvement. In the cropping pattern, potato-mungbean-TA rice, the crop yield did not increase with 2 t ha-1 lime rate over 1 t ha-1 rate. Thus, the dololime application at 1 t ha-1 along with manure addition (FYM at 5 t ha-1 or PM at 3 t ha-1) can be regarded as the best amendment for sustainable soil fertility, optimization of acidity, and crop yield in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain soils of Bangladesh.

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