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Ethnomedical Profiles of Different Plant Parts of Catharanthus Roseus L. - a Review

*Monokesh Kumer Sen
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

A. N. M. Mamun-Or-Rashid
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Nayeem Md. Towfique.
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Ethnopharmacological knowledge is based on traditional and conceptual base but lack documentation and scientific evidences. Researchers are blending traditional knowledge with experimental methodology for testing efficacy and safety of these herbal remedies. Catharanthus roseus L. (Nayantara locally) is an important medicinal plant for novel pharmaceuticals belongings to the family of Apocynaceae found all over Bangladesh. It has long been used in different systems of medicine in the treatment of cancer, diabetics, high blood pressure, anti-inflammatory, dysentery, brain stimulatory actions, anti-angiogenesis effects, anti-malarial also potent anti-microbial activities. However, the present comprehensive review deals with the enormous amount of scientific research and reports available in different aspects of this plant involving phytochemistry, traditional usages and pharmacology.

Keywords: Catharanthus roseus, Phytochemistry, Traditional usages, Pharmacology.

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

A comprehensive database of the plants used for various purposes could be saved for the forthcoming generations. The present review was carried out on different plant parts of C. roseus (Root, stem, leaf and whole plant) to evaluate its traditional uses with scientific evidences.

Methodology:

TAXONOMY OF C. ROSEUS L.: Medicinal plants are classified according to the part used, habit, habitat, therapeutic value etc., besides the usual botanical classification. But the botanical classification is the most comprehensive and scientific classification.

It is an evergreen sub shrub or herb plant growing to 1 m tall. The leaves are oval to oblong, 2.5-9 cm long and 1-3.5 cm broad, glossy green, hairless with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1-1.8 cm long. The flowers are white to dark pink with a darker red centre, with a basal tube 2.5- 3 cm long and a corolla 2-5 cm diameter with five petal-like lobes. The fruit is a pair of follicles 2-4 cm long and 3 mm broad (15, 16). DISTRIBUTION: It is native and endemic to Madagascar. It is also however widely cultivated and is naturalized in subtropical and tropical areas of the world (15). PHYTOCHEMISTRY: The plant C. roseus is found to contain various chemical constituents. The major constituents of various plant parts are shown in Table1.

FOLK REMEDIES AND TRADITIONAL USES: It is a very popular herb amongst practitioners of traditional medicine and the herb is widely used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseased conditions including asthma, coughs, diarrhea and dysentery. Various traditional uses of C. roseus are mentioned.

PHARMACOLOGY: Following the folk and traditional uses of the plant, it has been investigated scientifically to validate the potential of the plant in cure of variety of ailments. Some of the reported pharmacological activities of C. roseus are mentioned.

Source of Information: Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics 1 (4) 2013, 01-07

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

The plant kingdom represents a rich store house of organic compounds, many of which have been used for medicinal and other purpose. There exists a plethora of knowledge, information and benefits of herbal drugs in our ancient literature of Ayurvedic and Unani medicine. In every ethnic group there exists a traditional health care system and they used it as a first and foremost line of defense which is culturally patterned. It is seen from the literature that C. roseus is a medicinal plant used a phytomedicine to treat a wide range of health complications like diabetics, cancer, microbial diseases as well as medicinally important chemicals like saponin, flavonoid, vinblastine and vincristine have been reported to be present in various parts of the plant. This plant can be explored further as per its diversity of traditional uses. The present review reveals that the herb Nayantara is used in treating various ailments. It elicits on all the aspects of the herb and throws the attention to set the mind of the researchers to carry out the work for developing its various formulations, which can ultimately be beneficial for the human beings as well as animals.

Knowledge Management: Journal