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Influence of Flower Types on Fruit Setting and Yield Dynamics of Summer Brinjal (solanum Melongena L.)

Sujan Chandra Banik
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Shahidul Islam
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Bishwajit Sarker
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Dolan Deb Chowdhury
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

M. Nazim Uddin
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at the research field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur to study the relationship among fruit setting and flower types and yield potentials of brinjal under summer conditions during May to November 2013. Fourteen germplasms were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Marked variation was observed among the studied germplasms. The lowest number of clusters per plant (13.78) and was highest (6.31) recorded from the genotype SM 011. The total floral bud(s) per plant was recorded highest in SM 58-1 and SM 58-2 (127.62) and the lowest from SM 021 (37.31). The highest percentage of long-styled flowers per plant was counted from the genotype SM 58-1 (64.37%). The highest percentage of medium-styled flowers was counted from the genotype SM 200 (34.15%). BARI Begun -4 and SM 211 had the highest fruit setting percentage 75.17% and 72.56%, respectively. The lowest fruit setting percentage was recorded from the genotype SM 235 (30.27%). The highest yield loss per plant due to pest infestation was recorded from the genotype SM 58-2 (304.00 g) and the lowest from the genotype SM 011 (100.17 g). BARI Begun -4 produced the maximum number of edible fruits per plant (32.13) and BARI Begun -5 produced the minimum number of edible fruits per plant (8.10). The yield (edible fruit) per plant was found the highest in BARI Begun -4 (2.62 kg) and the lowest in SM 011(0.92 kg). The highest individual fruit weight (304.00 g) was obtained in EGN 10 and the lowest was 55.10 g in SM 011. Fruit setting percentage and yield were found more in that germplasms which produced a relatively higher percentage of long and medium styled flowers.

Keywords: Brinjal; Germplasm; Fruit setting; Long styled flower; Medium styled flower; Cluster; Fruit yield.

Location: Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-05-2013

End Date: 00-11-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To study the relationship among fruit setting and flower types and yield potentials of brinjal under summer conditions.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) with 12 germplasms viz. SM 011, SM 021, SM 58-1, SM 58-2, SM 200, SM 203, SM 204, SM 206, SM 211, SM 235, SM 236, EGN 10 and 2 varieties viz. BARI Begun -4, BARI Begun -5 of brinjal from May to November 2013. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 0.75 m x 7.0 m with a plant spacing of 70 cm in a single row maintaining a 30 cm drain between the plots. Each replication contained ten plants and germplasms were randomly distributed to the unit plot within each block. Soil pH ranged from 6.0-6.6 and had an organic matter of 1.1%. The experimental area is flat having available irrigation and drainage system. The crop was fertilized with cattle dung 15 tons, Urea 375 kg, TSP 150 kg, and MP 250 kg commercial product per ha [10]. The entire amount of cattle dung and TSP and one-third of the Urea and MP were applied in the field during final land preparation as basal dose. The remaining amount of Urea and MP were applied to the plant in three equal installments as a top dressing after 15, 30, and 50 days of transplantation. Seeds were sown in the well-prepared seedbed on 3 May 2013 and 35 days old seedlings were transplanted in the well-prepared experimental plot on 7 June 2013 with proper care and management. After transplantation, different essential intercultural operations were accomplished for optimum growth and development of the plants including gap filling, pruning, and staking, earthing up, weeding, irrigation, etc. Data were recorded from five randomly selected plants which were then analyzed through Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR) programme. The means were separated by Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) Tests at 5% or 1% level of probability.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research - 1(3): 1-9, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9734/AJAHR/2018/41185

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A wide range of variation was recorded in the case of flower types, fruit, and yield characteristics among the studied germplasms. Fruit setting percentage and yield were found more in germplasms (BARI Begun -4, SM 211, SM 236, SM 204, SM 206, SM 58-2) which produced a relatively higher percentage of a long and medium styled flower. The variety BARI Begun -4 and EGN 10 were found promising for fruit yield during summer, as they produced 2.62 kg and 2.14 kg of edible fruits per plant respectively. Specially EGN 10 and SM 021 will be very good materials for the farmers due to the high yield and attractive size.

Knowledge Management: Journal