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Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanol Extract of Some Medicinal Plants Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

Rajib Ahsan
Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Km Monirul Islam
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

A. Musaddik
Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

E. Haque
Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The methanol extracts of plant materials of some plants like Casuarina equisetifolia, Cajanus cajan, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Bixa orellana, Argemone mexicana, Physalis minima, Caesalpinia bonduc, belonging to the different family were studied for hepatoprotective activity against Swiss albino rats with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl ). It was found that the methanol extract of B. orellana, C. cajan, 4 G.pentaphylla and C. equisetifolia at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited moderate protective effect by lowering the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)or Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT) and cholesterol to a significant extent. Other methanol extracts of A. mexicana, P. minima and C. bonduc had no effect of lowering blood serum level rather than produced toxicity at the above specified dose. The highest activity of observed for methanol extract of B. orellana at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) and the reduction of serum level of ALT, AST and cholesterol were 52.08%, 57.37% and 52.90% respectively. The hepatoprotective activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Since results of biochemical studies of blood samples of carbon tetrachloride treated rats showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by CCl and blood sam 4 ples from the animals treated with the methanol extracts of B. orellana, C. cajan, G.pentaphylla and C. equisetifolia showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells, the extracts of four above plants could afford significant dose-dependent protection against CCl induced hepatocellular injury.

Keywords: Bixa orellana, Hepatoprotective activity, Carbon tetrachloride

Location: Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

Thus the objective of the present study was designed to test the hepatoprotective activity of the methanol extracts of plant material of above specified plants against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats.

Methodology:

Plant Materials and Preparation of Extracts: Fresh plant materials of Casuarina equisetifolia, Cajanus cajan, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Bixa orellana, Argemone mexicana, Physalis minima and Caesalpinia bonduc were collected from Botanical Garden of Dept. of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Their botanical identities were determined and authenticated by Dr. Ashik Mossaddik, Associate Professor, dept. of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. Some voucher specimen numbers were submitted to the authority for future references. The plant materials were washed with water, cut into pieces, sun dried for 5 days and then dried in an oven below 60°C. The dried plant materials were then pulverized into coarse powder in a grinding machine. 10 gm of each (7 samples) plant sample was extracted separately in cold methanol. Solvent from each sample was filtered, squeezed off and evaporated off under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator to obtain crude extract.

Animals: Swiss albino rats weighing between 80 and 90 gm were used in this evaluation. These rats aged between 2 and 2.5 months were procured from animal house located at Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. They were housed in well ventilated stainless-steel cages at room temperature (24±2°C) in hygienic condition under natural light and dark schedule and were fed on standard laboratory diet. Food and water were given ad libitum.

Source of Information: Global Journal of Pharmacology, 3 (3): 116-122, 2009 ISSN 1992-0075

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, from the overall result of the biochemical and histopathological examinations, it could be inferred that Bixa orellana showed the highest hepatoprotective activity among the four tested plant extracts. The result could also be expressed in the order of Bixa orellana> Cajanus cajan > Glycosmis pentaphylla > Casuarina equisetifolia. Further study on the plants could be extended for the isolation and structure determination of the hepatoprotective principle or principles.

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