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Studies on Varietal Diversity and Selection of Potential Varieties of Gerbera (gerbera Jamesonii H. Bolus Ex Hook. F.) for Commercial Cultivation in Bangladesh

Rabina Islam
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Nazmul Alam
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammed Kamal Hossain
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Ten commercial genotypes of Gerbera jamesonii were evaluated for a number of qualitative and quantitative traits in RCBD at the Botanical Garden of Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka. Qualitative morphology among 10 genotypes showed significant similarities and dissimilarities. The analysis of variance for all the quantitative traits showed highly significant variations among the genotypes. Genotypes Dutch Diva, Classic Fabio Gold, Candela, and Dune proved to be the most suitable and sustainable as they were the best performer for different growth and flower quality parameters. The number of flowers per plant is found best in Candela and Dutch Diva (11.33). The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were found higher than the genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for all characters. Maximum GCV and PCV were observed for a number of suckers per plant (30.984 and 39.568) followed by a number of whorls of ray florets per flower and days to flowering from bud initiation. High heritability values were obtained for all the characters. In high heritability estimate coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was maximum for days to first flowering (32.442), plant height (cm) (17.026) and a number of suckers per plant (15.992). Selection would be effective for the character showing high performance in genetic parameters. Path analysis revealed that the diameter of disc florets per flower, stalk girth (cm), number of disc florets per flower, number of ray florets per flower would be selection criteria for improvement in flower number. Based on D² statistics, 10 genotypes were grouped into 3 clusters, namely clusters I, II, and III. The highest number of genotypes was found in cluster I containing 5 genotypes. The Scatter diagram represents a pattern of genotypic distribution into clustering through principal component scores. The highest inter-cluster distance (22.94) was observed between clusters I and III. The genotypes of cluster II possessed heterogeneous nature and showed the highest intra-cluster distance (11.35). The highest cluster mean was observed in cluster II containing four genotypes regarded as superior to another cluster.

Keywords: Gerbera, Varietal diversity, D2 statistics

Location: Botanical Garden of Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-09-2018

End Date: 00-12-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Gerbera

Objectives:

To select the proper variety for achieving the goal of production of high yield and better quality of flowers suitable for domestic and international markets.

Methodology:

The experimental material for the present study comprised of ten diverse genotypes of Gerbera namely Winter Queen, Swanlake, Candela, Ruby Red, Captiva, Classic Fabio Gold, Dune, Long beach, Dutch Diva and Pre-Intense collected from different local nurseries in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The genotypes were evaluated through a field experiment conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at the Botanical Garden of Jahangirnagar University during the late Rabi season (September-December) in 2018. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture. The experimental field was divided into three blocks. Each block was then sub-divided into ten plots. The unit plot size was 90 × 60 × 60 cm. Block to block distance was 30 cm. Genotypes were randomly assigned in different blocks. The fertilizer and manure were applied as per recommended dose for the commercial cultivation of Gerbera and the intercultural practices were followed when required. Biometric data were recorded on ten randomly selected plants from each genotype in each replication for quantitative traits namely plant height (cm), days to first flowering, days to flowering from bud initiation, number of suckers per plant, stalk length (cm), stalk girth (cm), flower diameter (cm), neck diameter (cm), number of petals per flower, the diameter of disc florets/flower (cm), number of disc florets per flower, number of ray florets per flowers, number of whorls of ray florets/flower, flower longevity (days), number of flowers per plant and vase life of cut flowers (days). The collected data were compiled and tabulated in proper forms for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was performed with the help of a MSTAT-C program (Freed 1986). To test the differences between genotypes, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed according to the method of (Steel and Torrie 1960). The variance components namely genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), broad-sense heritability, and genetic advance were determined following Kumar et al. (1985). The genetic divergence among the germplasms was assessed following Mahalanobis D² statistics (Mahalanobis 1936). The Mahalanobis distance (D²) values were calculated from transformed uncorrelated means of characters according to Singh and Chaudhary (1979). Mean data for each character were subjected to multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO), Cluster Analysis (CLSA), and Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) using GENSTAT 5.5 (Mahalanobis 1936, Digby et al. 1989). Scattered diagram obtained for the first three principal component scores were done by R 3.0.2 software.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 541-550, 2021 (September)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v50i3.55833

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded from the high cluster mean for most of the yield contributing traits that the genotypes of cluster II and cluster I am the most suitable and sustainable in respect to a number of flower/plant attributing traits.

Knowledge Management: Journal