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Optimization of Blood Meal in Rice and Wheat Bran Based Pelleted Feeds for Stinging Catfish (heteropneustes Fossilis)

Partha Sarathi Das
Department of Fisheries, Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science and Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur-2012, Bangladesh.

Md. Faridur Rahman
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Farhan Amin Bhuiyan
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Fakhrul Islam
Department of Fisheries, Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science and Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur-2012, Bangladesh.

Md. Sazzad Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A ten-week experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of blood meal in rice and wheat bran-based pelleted feeds on the growth and survival rate of Heteropneustes fossilis in the Wet Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. For the experiment, 9 aquaria of 60L capacity were used and a fish fry of 0.437g of initial average weight was released at the same stocking density (20 fries per aquarium). Three different treatments (T₁, T_2, and T₃) with three replications were used having a different percentage of protein-containing diets (Diet I -10% blood meal, Diet II -15% blood meal, and Diet III -20% blood meal). All three diets have a constant inclusion level of the following ingredients: rice bran 20%, wheat bran 20%, fish meal 20%, molasses 5%, vitamin and mineral premix 1%, and chromic oxide 0.5%. Feeds were supplied at 10% body weight twice daily in the morning at 9.00 am and in the afternoon at 5.00 pm throughout the study period. Sampling was done at 7 days intervals throughout the experimental period. Water quality parameters were within the acceptable range during the experimental period. The significant highest mean final weight (g), weight gain (g), percent weight gain, specific growth rate (%/day), and the best feed utilization in terms of food conversion ratio were found at 20% blood meal containing diet (Diet -III). The results suggested that 20% blood meal-containing feed could be recommended for the intensive culture of H. fossilis.

Keywords: Blood meal, Rice bran, Heteropneustes fossilis, Growth performance, Survival rate

Location: Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-06-2010

End Date: 00-08-2020

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effect of blood meal in pelleted feeds on the growth and survival rate of H. fossilis; and

2. To determine proper inclusion level of blood meal in formulated feed.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. For this work, 9 glass aquaria (each containing 60L) were set at the wet laboratory during June –August and were operated under the same conditions. An adequate level of dissolved oxygen, in each aquarium, was maintained through artificial aeration during the experimental period. The water temperature in the experimental tanks ranging from 27.4-31.2^°C was maintained. The entire aquariums were kept on a 1m high wooden table to facilitate better observation and accessibility. For convenience, the tanks were numbered as 1, 2, 3 up to 9. Fingerlings of H. fossilis were collected from the fish seed production hatchery (Othentic hatchery of Sadar Upazila, Mymensingh). Transportation of fry was done in an oxygen bag to avoid stress and injury. During the period of acclimation, adequate oxygen supply was maintained through artificial aeration, and fish were fed formulated pelleted feed. The selected ingredients for this experiment were collected from Mymensingh local market. Blood was collected from the local slaughterhouse and was sundried and oven-dried. All three diets had a constant inclusion level of the following ingredients: rice bran (RB) 20%, wheat bran (WB) 20%, fish meal (FM) 20%, molasses 5%, vitamin and mineral premix 1%, and chromic oxide 0.5%. Crude fiber percentage in Diet I, Diet II, and Diet III was 8.5%, 13.5%, and 18.5%, respectively. The feed ingredients (finely ground and sieved) were weighed accordingly, moistened with water to form a dough, and pelletized using an electric meat mincer. The feeds were stored in airtight polythene bags at room temperature until fed. The experiment was conducted for 70 days. Each treatment had three replications. The initial average weight of stinging catfish fry was 0.437g. The fry was randomly distributed at a rate of 20 fish per aquarium. Feeding was done twice daily at 9.00 am and 5.00 pm. Partial change of water from each aquarium was done daily during the removal of uneaten feed and feces. The initial and final weight of fish in each aquarium was recorded. To record the weighing data, fish were bulk weighed at every 7 days interval. Fish were netted by using a fine mesh scoopnet and excess water was then removed from the fish body gently by using a blotting paper before weighing to the digital balance. After recording the weight, the fingerlings were released in the aquarium. pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured weekly. Fingerlings were fed with experimental diets twice daily in the morning at 9.00 am and in the afternoon at 5.00 pm throughout the study period. Fingerlings in each aquarium were fed daily at the rate of 10% of their body weight which was fixed after observing that they were not interested to have more than this percent of feed. Proximate composition of prepared feeds and individual ingredients were analyzed in the Nutrition Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University following the Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. The means of different treatments were compared by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test to test the significance of variation between the treatment means. The standard error (SE) of the treatment means was calculated from the residual mean square in the analysis of variance.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2021, 8(2): 44-48

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4944629

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment, it was revealed that the best growth performances, feed utilization, survival rate, and production of H. fossilis were obtained at 20% blood meal-containing feed. Finally, it may be concluded that a 20% inclusion level of blood meal could be a good source of alternative protein other than a fish meal to make the feed more cost-effective which may play a great role in minimizing production cost. Blood meal which is a non-conventional feed item can certainly play a supporting role in fish meal and improve the fish production scenario in Bangladesh. Blood meal contributes to producing quality fish by reducing production cost and it may be a better alternative protein source for fish feed. Pond treatment may be conducted to evaluate the efficiency of blood meal along with a fish meal or partial replacement of fish meal with blood meal. However, much more can be achieved by intensifying research on blood meal inclusion in fish feed for better-balanced diets in the fish farming industry, as desired by fish farmers worldwide. This undoubtedly will aid in superior fish growth and healthier fish production.

Knowledge Management: Journal