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Impact of Trichoderma Application as Bio-stimulator on Disease Suppression, Growth and Yield of Potato

M. Rakibuzzaman
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

M. H. Akand
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

Mahbuba Siddika
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

A. F. M. Jamal Uddin
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Excess use of chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemicals to increase the growth and yield as well as controlling disease often reduced soil fertility, adversely affecting human health and the environment. That’s why an experiment was accomplished in the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2016 to March 2017 to study the impact of Trichoderma application as a bio-stimulator on potato production. The study comprised of three Trichoderma treatments, (i) T₀= No Trichoderma application, (ii) T₁= 106spores/ml and (iii) T₂= 108spores/ml. Trichoderma 1ml/L (1000 ppm) solution was applied two times in each plot at 15 and 45 days after planting (DAP). Data on growth yield and disease suppression parameters showed significant variation. The results elucidated that application of Trichoderma increased the growth attributes positively and produced 23.82% and 11.33% higher yield in T₂ and T₁ compared to no application of Trichoderma, respectively. Trichoderma (108spores/ml) improved tuber yield by optimizing the dry matter content. Furthermore, the application of Trichoderma decreased the disease infestation, and the best result (1.60%) was recorded in T₂. Therefore, 108spores/ml of Trichoderma application can be considered the potential bio-stimulator for prospective potato production with higher growth, yield, and suppression of the disease.

Keywords: Bio-stimulator, Bio-control agent, Dry matter content, Spore concentration

Location: Horticulture farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-11-2016

End Date: 00-03-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To determine the bio-stimulating impact of Trichoderma on the growth and yield of potato production as well as disease suppression.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at Horticulture farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the period from November 2016 to March 2017. The location of the experimental site is 23074 N latitude and 90035 E longitudes and at an elevation of 8.2 m from sea level in the Agro-Ecological Zone of Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28). The soil pH of the studied area was slightly acidic and ranged from 5.5-6.0. Uniform-sized healthy and disease-free seed tuber of Cardinal potato variety was collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and cut into smaller pieces with two or more sprouts. Then, they stored at room temperature and allowed them to firm up, which ensured to reduce the rotting and planted them the next day. The land was well prepared and divided into 9 plots. The size of each plot was 2.4 m × 1.5 m and spacing was maintained at 60cm × 25cm. On average, seed tubers were planted at 4-5 cm depth in the soil. Standard management practices for the production of potatoes were practiced. The field experiment was accomplished with three replications following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). This study was conducted with three Trichoderma spore concentrations: T₀= No Trichoderma application, T₁= 106 spores/ml, T₂= 108 spores/ml. Trichoderma harzianum was prepared and collected from the Advanced Seed Research and Biotech Centre (ASRBC), ACI Limited. The new cultured spore was counted under a light microscope. Stock spore culture was mixed in autoclaved water to make the target solution for the field trial. Target Trichoderma spore of 1 ml was mixed with 1-liter water and then applied in the field two times in each plot at 15 and 45 days after planting (DAP). Data collections were done at each plot from randomly selected potato plants by skipping the border effect. Data on plant height (20, 35, 50, 65, and 80 DAP), leaf number (20, 40, 60, and 80 DAP) were collected. SPAD value was measured 60 days after planting (15 days after two-time application). Spad values of potato leaves were determined using an automatic SPAD meter (Minolta SPAD-502 meter). Three apical leaflets of a young fully extended leaf were taken for the SPAD value. The number of stems per hill counted before harvesting. Harvested potatoes were counted, weighed, and yield was figured out. Yield difference over control was calculated using the following formula, Yield difference (%) = Yield of treatment plot - Yield of control/Yield of control × 100; For dry matter determination, 100g of sun-dried potato tuber cut into pieces and were dried for 48 hours at 70-80°C in an oven. Then the dried pieces were weighted and were recorded as percentages (%). Daily visual observations were carried out to investigate potato plant diseases. If there were any symptoms found on leaves or stems, the plants were tagged and counted as diseased plants. In the case of tuber, observation was done during potato tuber harvest. Disease symptoms were monitored daily based on a disease scale ranging from 0 to 2, where 0: No disease symptom, 1: partial infection, 2: severe infection. In the end, scales 1 and 2 were merged and recorded as percentages. The data recorded for different parameters were statistically analyzed using the MSTAT-C computer package programme to find out the significance of variation among the treatments and treatment means were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 27(01): 2252-2257, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.270121.274

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of Trichoderma 108 spores ml⁻¹ L⁻¹ increased not only growth but also 23.8% higher yield compared to no application of Trichoderma. It also suppressed different diseases as well as increased tuber quality. So, it can be said that Trichoderma has a bio-stimulating effect on growth, yield, and suppression of the disease. Therefore, Trichoderma 108 spores/ml can be considered as the optimum spore concentration for potato production.

Knowledge Management: Journal