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Digestible Protein and Energy Value of Fish Meal, Dextrin, Fish Oil. and Soybean Oil for Thai Sharpunti (puntius Gonionotus Bleeker)

M. A. Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh

S. C. Chakraborty
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory trial was conducted to determine the digestible protein and energy value of fish meal, dextrin, fish oil and soybean oil for Thai sharpunti (Puntius gonionotus Bleeker). A reference diet containing 35% protein was formulated in which fish meal was the sole source of protein. Five test diets were formulated using reference diet and individual test ingredients (fish meal, dextrin, fish oil and soybean oil). Each treatment had three replicates with 15 fish per replicate. Fish were fed twice daily at the rate of 5% of their body weight. The result of the study indicated that the dietary protein in both reference and test diets were well digested and the apparent protein digestibility (APD) values of test diets ranged between 82.81 and 85.99%. The APD value of fish meal protein was 88.05%. The apparent digestible energy (ADE) value for the test ingredients ranged between 70.79 and 85.80% with soybean oil having the highest and fish meal the lowest value. The ADE values calculated in terms of Kcal/g of ingredients were 3.68, 3.22, 4.38 and 4.44 Kcal/g for fish meal, dextrin, fish oil and soybean oil respectively.

Keywords: P. gonionotus, Protein, Energy, Fish meal

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fish, Protein, Fish farming

Objectives:

To determine the digestible protein and energy value for fish meal, dextrin, fish oil and soybean oi I for Thai sharpunti ( Puntius gonionotus Bleeker).

Methodology:

The experimental system used in the study consisted of 15 glass aquaria of 55 I capacity. All the aquaria were kept on 1 m high platform to facilitate better observation and accessibility. An adequate level of dissolved oxygen in each aquarium was maintained through artificial aeration. Fry of Thai sharpunti, P. gonionotus (Bleeker) were collected from Freshwater Station, Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), Mymensingh. After receiving fry were given prophylactic treatment with 0.5 ppm KMnO 4 solution for 30 minutes. Before starting the experiment, fish fry were acclimated to the experimental system for one week. The fry were fed with formulated feed containing 35% protein during the acclimation period. There were five treatments each with three replicates. Uniform sized fingerlings of Thai sharpunti were randomly distributed at the rate of 15 fish per aquarium with a mean initial weight of 4.5g. Water in each aquarium was changed partially twice daily during the removal of uneaten food or faeces. For formulation of experimental diets, fish meal was collected from Saudi Bangia Fish Feed Ltd, Bhaluka, Mymensingh which was originally imported from Singapore. Cod liver oil was used as fish oil (Seven Seas, British Cod Liver Oils Ltd, England). Good quality soybean oil was collected from Mymensingh local market. Dextrin, alpha-cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose were obtained from Sigma Chemical Company, England. Mineral and Vitamin premixes (Embavit Fish Premix) was collected from Rhone Poulenc (Bangladesh). Prior to the formulation of diet, the fish meal was analysed and the proximate composition (% dry matter) was protein 65.18%, lipid 11.24%. ash 21.51%, crude fibre 0.50% and nitrogen free extract 1.57%. A basal or reference diet was formulated using fish meal as the sole source of protein. Test diets were formulated using reference diet and individual test ingredients. Formulated diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide to study protein digestibility. Diets were prepared by using a Hobart pellet mill (Hobart A200). Diets were subjected to proximate composition analysis and the results are shown. Fish were fed experimental diets in the morning (at 9.00 h) and afternoon (at 17.00 h) daily at the rate of 5% of their body weight. Faeces collection started four days after feeding. to allow evacuation of all previously ingested material. Uneaten food or faeces were removed from each aquarium by siphoning after 30 minutes of feeding. Faeces were collected separately for each replicate twice daily in the morning and afternoon for four weeks. Collected faeces were dried in an oven at 60°C and kept in air- tight container for subsequent chemical analysis. The water quality parameters such as temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were monitored weekly and the ranges were temperature 27.5-32°C; pH 6.8-7.4 and dissolved oxygen 6.2-7.4 mg/1. Proximate composition of the dietary ingredients, diets and faeces were analysed according to AOAC (1980). Energy content in feed and· faeces were analysed by a Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter. Chromic oxide content was determined following the wet-digestion technique of Furukawa and Tsukahara (1966). Estimates of the apparent nutrient digestibility of experimental diets were derived from the following equation (Maynard and Loosli 1969).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 1 (1) : 65-72

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The proximate composition of the experimental diets are shown. The protein, lipid and energy content in different diets ranged between 32.45 to 42.22%, 4.09 to 14.70% and 4.49 to 5.20 Kcal/g respectively. The protein, energy and chromic oxide content in faeces of fish fed experimental diets are shown. The protein content was highest in faeces fish of fed reference diet whilst fish fed reference + soybean oil diet produced the lowest (14.14%) faecal protein. The result of the present experiment indicated that fish meal, fish oil, soybean oil and dextrin used as fish feed ingredients have been well digested by Thai sharpunti as dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate source respectively. The digestible energy values in terms of Kcal/g of the ingredients are 3.68, 3.22, 4.38 and 4.44 Kcal/g for fish meal, dextrin, fish oil and soybean oil respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal