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Serum Profiles and Prevalence of Blood Protozoa and Gastrointestinal Parasites of Red Chittagong Cattle in Bangladesh

Monoar Sayeed Pallab
Dept of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Khulshi- 4225,Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Md Shahjalal Sarker
Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) Breed Improvement and Conservation Project, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Md Abdul Matin Prodhan
Dept of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Khulshi- 4225,Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to determine the biochemical profiles and prevalence of Red Chittagong Cattle and local cattle in 5 regions of Chattogram state. All the serum values were within the normal limit, except the level of magnesium was found significantly higher in Red Chittagong heifer than a local heifer. Within the same breed, calcium showed significant (P <0.05) variation between cow and heifer. In both Red Chittagong and local cattle, all the values were found to decrease with the advancement of age except the values of magnesium. The prevalence of Fasciola spp., Paramphistomum spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Bunostomum sp., Haemoncus sp., Trigostrongylus sp., Tapeworm, Coccidial oocysts, B.coli, Babesia sp., Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp. was higher in local cattle than Red Chittagong Cattle.

Keywords: Red Chittagong Cattle, Local Cattle, Serum profiles, Parasitic prevalence

Location: Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology in Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU).

Start Date: 00-06-2009

End Date: 00-07-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To determine the serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and magnesium level and parasitic prevalence of GI parasites and blood protozoan and also find out the variation between RC cattle and Local cattle.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in RC cattle concentrated area in the Chittagong district. Serum samples were examined at the laboratory under the Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology in Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU). The samples were collected from Potia, Anowara, Chandanish, Satkania, and Raojan areas. A brief description of the methodology followed is portrayed below. Samples were collected from different upazillas I.of Chittagong district, having concentrated RC cattle and Local cattle. Stratified random sampling was followed to select animals of different ages. The selections for the research were performed by a well-developed questionnaire. A total number of 150 (N=150) samples of RC Cattle and Local cattle from different selected upazillas were collected for the study. Among these, 75 were collected from RC cattle and 75 from Local cattle. The RC cattle and Local cattle of various age groups, calves, heifers, and adult cows were selected for the study. Randomized sampling was followed for the selection of animals. Twenty-five samples were collected from each age group and from each species. The study was conducted for a one-year-long period from July 2009 to June 2010. The tests for biochemical parameters determination were performed in the Biochemistry laboratory of CVASU. Before starting the biochemical analyzer, the entire instruments were cleaned thoroughly with water and then dry with air. The autoanalyzer was trialed three times before final running. A total of 150 blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein with the help of a vacutainer without anticoagulant for serum separation. Approximately 5 ml of whole blood was drawn from each animal in serum-separator tubes (BD Vacutainer; NJ, USA) by venipuncture. Samples were collected in the morning, and however, due to the number of animals being processed, the collection time varied slightly. Samples were also collected from animals randomly ordered on the particular collection day and kept in a rack after labeling of age and sex, and put in the icebox until sent to the laboratory. After the formation of serum, it was separated manually by using the sterilized syringe. Then the separated serum samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain clear serum. Finally, centrifuged serum was taken in a clean Eppendorf tube and labeled according to the same way. The obtained serum samples were stored in the deep freeze at -20°C with capped sterile Eppendorf tube until analysis. Calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and magnesium of the serum were analyzed in a biochemical analyzer (Model: PLD-951/951A/951B). Different diagnostic kits were used for the evaluation of these samples as per instructions given by the manufacturer. Blood samples were examined in the laboratory. One drop of blood was taken on the microscopic slide (as direct smear) from each animal’s sample, and a thin smear was made, fixed with ethanol for 10 minutes, and stained with Giemsa stain. The stained blood smears were examined under the microscope at X40 and X100, respectively. A total of 150 fecal samples were collected from RCC and local cattle aseptically following ethical consideration. Fecal samples of approximately 10 gm were collected directly from the rectum using gloves and stored in a small jeep lock plastic bag filled with 10% formalin. Gross examinations of fecal samples were done. Each sample was brought to the parasitology laboratory, CVASU, for further examination. Beyond the physical examination of faeces samples (color, odor, consistency), direct smear and floatation techniques were followed to detect the parasitic eggs, ova, cyst tapeworm segments, and larvae in the fecal materials. At first, raw data were organized by using a computer Excel program and then analyzed by using SPSS(15.5) statistical program for one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD (Least Significant Differences ) was done to know the differences among the groups and breeds of cattle; means at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: International Journal of Veterinary Science Volume 7 Issue 1, 1-5, Jan-April 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): doi:10.14445/24550868/IJVS-V7I1P101

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above result, it is clear that there was no remarkable variation in serum metabolites between RC cattle and Local cattle. All the values were within the reference level except calcium showed significant (P <0.05) variation between RC cow and RC calf. Serum inorganic Phosphorus of the local breed had significant (P <0.05) variation between cow and heifer or calf. In both RC cattle and Local cattle, all values were found to decrease with the advancement of age. The parasitic infestation rate in cattle is higher in all the seasons, though seasonal variations (summer, rainy, and winter) were distinct. So regular deworming should be continued to protect the RC population for conservation.

Knowledge Management: Journal