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Prevalence of Clinical Diseases of Cattle and Goats at Kaligonj Upazila of Satkhira District

Shuvo Biswas
Jhenaidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenaidah-7300

Shamsun Nahar
Department of Agriculture Economics and Social Science, Jhenaidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenaidah- 7300

Sharifuzzaman
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Jhenaidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenaidah-7300

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out at Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Kaligonj Upazila of Satkhira district during the period of February 2019 to April 2019 to evaluate the prevalence of clinical diseases of ruminants (cattle and goats). Disease diagnosis was made on the basis of the owner’s statement, physical examination, clinical signs, and laboratory tests. A total of 500 clinical cases were investigated for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. Clinically affected cattle and goats were divided into infectious and non-infectious disease groups and further divided into several categories as Bacterial, Viral, Ecto, and Endo-parasitic, Nutritional deficiency, Metabolic disorders, Protozoan infections, Fungal diseases, Digestive disorders, Surgical affections, and other syndromes. Clinical cases were also categorized according to the affected body systems e.g. Nervous, Respiratory system, etc. The data revealed that the prevalence was highest for infectious diseases (70%) followed by Non-infectious diseases (30%). Goats (83.14%) were more susceptible to infectious diseases than cattle (16.86%). Highest overall prevalence of diseases was found for digestive disorders (16.40%) followed by 14% unknown etiological syndromes, 12.8% Ecto-parasitic infestations, 12.2% Endo-parasitic infections, 11.20% Viral diseases, 10% Surgical affections, 8.80% Nutritional deficiency disorders, 6.60% Bacterial diseases, 3.8% Gynaecological disorders, 2.8% Metabolic diseases, 1.2% Protozoan diseases and 0.2% Fungal diseases. Based on the body system, the overall prevalence of diseases was highest in the digestive system (39%) and lowest in the Masculo-skeletal system (2.80%). The prevalence of diseases was slightly higher in female (50.8%) than male (49.2%) animals. This study will help the researchers to understand the status of prevalent diseases and also help to design a program for mitigation and control of diseases at Kaligonjin Satkhira district and elsewhere in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Prevalence, Cattle, Goats, Bangladesh

Location: Upazila Livestock Office and Veterinary Hospital in Kaligonj Upazila of Satkhira district

Start Date: 00-02-2019

End Date: 00-04-2019

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases, Cattle, Goat

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of clinical diseases of ruminants (mainly cattle and goats) and to detect the affected body systems and occurrence of diseases based on sex and species of animals.

Methodology:

The study was pursued at Upazila Livestock Office and Veterinary Hospital in Kaligonj Upazila of Satkhira district from February 2019 to April 2019. The animals that were brought to Upazila veterinary hospital, were examined and treated. A total of 500 clinical cases were recorded during this study period. General examination- Body condition score (BCS), posture, behavior, gait, superficial skin, salivation, nasal or oral discharge, locomotion issues, mammary gland, scrotum, lymph nodes, etc. were carefully observed by distant visual examination of the patient. Physical examination- Different external body parts of each clinically affected animal at the hospital were examined at the hospital by using palpation, percussion, and auscultation techniques. Clinical examination- For clinical examination, the temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate from each of the animals were recorded after restraining them properly. The presented clinical findings of various diseases of cattle and the owner’s statement in relation to the diseases were also recorded carefully. Prevalence- Prevalence of disease was calculated as a number of cases of a disease divided by the population at risk and multiple by 100. Statistical analysis- Collected data were analyzed using statistical software STATA 13 (College Station, Texas 77845 USA) where descriptive statistics were expressed as Prevalence (proportion) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2021, 8(3): 17-25

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5534648

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This present report revealed that various infectious and parasitic diseases like viral (11.20%), bacterial (6.60%), ectoparasitic (12.8%), endo-parasitic (12%), etc. diseases were prevalent in animals at Kaligonj Upazila in Satkhira district. Among the bacterial diseases, mastitis (2.40%) occupied the highest position; however, within viral diseases, the most prevalent disease was PPR (8.80%) in goats. In the case of parasitic diseases, the highest prevalence was observed in Tapeworm infection. Parasitic infections cause heavy economic losses every year. So, regular anthelmintic treatment should be given to control parasitic diseases. Among all disease categories, digestive disorders were the most prevalent, and among all specific diseases/syndromes, fever was the most prevalent syndrome. Proper planning and program should be undertaken to prevent and control diseases and disorders of ruminants (cattle and goats).

Knowledge Management: Journal