Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Sowing Date Effects on Phenology and Yield of White Maize Genotypes During Kharif Season Under Subtropical Environment

Shahrina Akhtar
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Md. Jafar Ullah
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Md. Kamal Uddin Ahamed
Department of Crop Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Abdul Hamid
Agrarian Research Foundation, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Md. Shahidul Islam
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

M Rafiqul Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of planting dates on the phenology, morphology, and yield of white maize varieties under a subtropical environment. Four varieties, V₁: PSC 121, V₂: Yangnuo-7, V₃: Youngnau 30 and V₄: Changnuo-6 and three planting dates, S₁: 29 May 2017, S₂: 21 June 2017, and S₃: 6 July 2017 were the treatment variables. The experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on various phonological, morphological, and yield, and yield-related attributes were collected. May sowing took longer days to attain 6-collar leaf and 10-collar leaf stages. The 50% tasselling and 50% silking showed at least 4-5 days early for late sowing in July. Days to maturity were not remarkably affected by the sowing dates, but varietal differences existed. Yungnuo-30 took the longest days to maturity in May sowing. The highest plant height was measured in PSC-121 followed by Changnuo-6 sown in May. The genotype Yungnuo-30 showed a 28.7% reduction in plant height in July sowing. The sowing date had little effect on the number of leaves, but varietal differences in producing leaves were highly significant. It is remarkable that the genotype PSC- 121 developed the maximum leaf area at 60 DAS for May planting but produced the least at 90 DAS for June planting. The total dry matter decreased to a great extent for June sowing irrespective of genotypes. The highest dry matter weight was observed from May sowing for the PSC-121 genotype followed by July sowing for the same genotype. Crop sown in May recorded the highest ear weight, the number of grains per cob, grain weight, and seed yield, which were statistically similar with July sowing but June sowing significantly reduced all those parameters. The June planting experienced moisture stress at the early stage of stand establishment. The genotype PSC-121 performed better for all those parameters for May and July sowing, followed by the genotype Yungnuo-30. The highest seed yield (7.35 t ha^-1) was obtained in PSC-121 followed by Yungnuo-30 for May sowing. The higher seed weight for May sowing was attributed to higher ear weight and the number of grains per ear. Therefore, the sowing of white maize in Kharif season depends on the yield potential of the genotypes and weather conditions for achieving higher production.

Keywords: Sowing time, Genotypes, Phenology, Morphology, Yield, White maize

Location: Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-05-2017

End Date: 00-07-2017

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The study was aimed at investigating the effect of planting dates on the phenology, yield-related traits, and yield of white maize varieties under a subtropical environment.

Methodology:

The field experiments were conducted at Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka, during the Kharif season 2017. It is located at 23º46'41 N" latitude and 90º22'33"E longitude with an elevation of 8.2 meters from the mean sea level. The experimental site lies at Madhupur Tract (Agro-ecological zone - 28) (FAO/UNDP, 1988). Topsoil was clay loam in texture, olive-gray with fine to medium distinct dark yellowish brown mottles having pH 6.5. The experimental area was flat prepared with available irrigation and drainage facilities. The maize plants sowing on 29 May and 6 July received a comparatively higher amount of rainfall corresponding to 1857 and 1812 mm, respectively, whereas June sowing received 1684 mm rainfall. From the Figure, the plants sowing in June experienced acute moisture stress because of low rainfall, and crop establishment was little affected. The variation of maximum and minimum temperature for the three growing periods was not remarkable. The average maximum and minimum temperatures were 32.8^oC and 26.1^oC, respectively. The experimental treatments were as follows: Four varieties (Factor-A) viz. V₁=PSC 121, V₂=Yangnuo-7, V₃=Youngnau 30 and V₄=Changnuo-6; Three planting dates (Factor-B) viz. S₁=29 May 2017, S₂=21 June 2017, and S₃=6 July 2017. The experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The size of each experimental unit was 2.4×3.5 m². The land was prepared with a power tiller plowed several times until it got the desirable tilth condition. After removing stubble and weeds, the land was divided into experimental units as per experimental design. The experimental plots were fertilized with urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulfate, and boric acid as per recommendation. One-third of urea and all other fertilizers were applied two days before seeding. The rest of the urea fertilizer was top-dressed in two equal splits of which one-third was top-dressed at the 5-leaf stage and the rest at the pre-tasselling stage. Besides, cow dung was applied at 5 ton ha^-1 at the time of final land preparation. Seeds of four varieties were sown on three different planting dates maintaining planting spacing of 60×20 cm. Seeds were treated with Sevin (Bayer Company) at 3.0g/kg before planting. The seedlings were thinned out at 15 DAS by keeping one healthy seedling hill^-1. The first wedding was done at 25 DAS and the second one at 55 DAS. Earthing up was carried out at 35 and 55 DAS. Irrigation was applied as per crop water need. The data on the growth, phenology, yield, and yield contributing characteristics were collected. The number of days to emergence, 6-collar leaf, 10-collar leaf, 50% tasselling, 50% silking, and maturity were recorded. Plant height was measured at harvest from the soil surface to the highest tip of the tassel. The total number of leaves of each plant was counted at harvest. Yield and yield attributes included plant dry weight, ear dry weight, grains/ear, 100-grain weight, and grain yield. Harvest index was calculated as the ratio of grain yield and biological yield. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using the Statistics 10 software package. The Least Significant Difference (LSD) technique at a 5% level of significance was used to compare the mean differences among the treatments.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2021, 8(1):81-90

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4698306

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study reveals that late sowing narrowed down the days to reproductive stages but had no such observation for days to maturity. Sowing at the end of May improves crop productivity through improving yield and yield contributing characters. Conversely, crop sown in June accumulated less amount of dry matter for experiencing moisture stress at early-stage crop establishment, and thereby seed yield declined. However, yield and yield contributing characters improved a lot for July sowing and gave better yield results. It implies that appropriate sowing dates have a significant influence on the yield of white maize. The sowing dates effect on the genotypes was significant, and the genotype PSC-121 performed the best among the four genotypes giving the highest seed yield (7.35 t ha^-1) for May sowing. This information may be useful for the farmers in choosing the genotypes and appropriate planting time for white maize cultivation in the subtropical environment.

Knowledge Management: Journal