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Evaluation of Some Advanced Garlic Lines Against Premature Sprouting Under Zero Tillage Mulched Condition

Md. Aminul Islam
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Md. Robiul Alam
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Md. Maniruzzaman
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. Shafiqul Islam
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Md. Samim Hossain Molla
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Mst. Anjumanara Begum
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Debashish Sarkar
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Md. Rejaul Karim
On Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in Bayoikhola village under multi-location testing (MLT) site, Atghoria, Pabna during Rabi season to assess the performance of different advanced lines of garlic against premature sprouting under zero tillage mulched condition. Thirteen garlic lines viz. T₁ (GC001), T₂ (GC005), T₃ (GC0012), T₄ (GC0017), T₅ (GC0018), T₆ (GC0024), T₇ (GC0027), T₈ (GC0028), T₉ (GC0031), T₁₀ (GC0036), T₁₁ (Jayati), T₁₂ (Gangajoli) and T₁₃ (single clove) along with two varieties T₁₄ (BARI Rasun 1) and T₁₅ (BARI Rasun 2) were used as test materials for the experimentation. The highest premature spouting was found in T₁₂ (Gangajali, 42.50%) followed by T₁₃ (single clove, 32.15%) and T₁₁ (Jayati, 17.66%) whereas the minimum was recorded from T₉ (GC0031, 0.07%) that was statistically identical to rest of the lines and varieties. All the tested varieties and lines except T₉ (GC0031) showed significantly higher and identical bulb yields. Numerically higher bulb yield (11.07 t ha^-1) was recorded from T₁₅ (BARI Rasun 2) followed by T₁₄ (BARI Rasun 1) and the minimum (8.821 t ha^-1) from T₉ (GC0031). Regarding cost and return analysis, T₁₅ (BARI Rasun 2) resulted in a relatively higher gross return (498150Tk ha^-1) that contributed to the highest net return (305096 Tk ha^-1) against the total cost of Tk 193054 ha^-1 followed by T₁₄ (BARI Rasun 1) with a net return (303296 Tk ha^- ¹). The lowest yield was observed (203846 Tk ha^-1) in T₉ (GC0031). According to the research study as well as farmers' observation, garlic production under zero tillage mulched condition seems to be more profitable as well as a resource-conserving technology (saves water, time, pesticide use) as it incurs higher yields with less production costs than conventional practice.

Keywords: Garlic lines, Premature sprouting, Mulched condition, Zero tillage

Location: Bayoikhola village under multi-location testing (MLT) site, Atghoria, Pabna

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Garlic

Objectives:

To evaluate field performances of some advanced garlic lines and thereafter select high yielding lines or varieties resistant against premature sprouting.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at farmers’ field in Bayoikhola village (24⁰7′24.61″N and 89⁰13′51.85″E) under multi-location testing (MLT) site, Atghoria, Pabna during the Rabi season in the year 2013-14. The experimental plot was characterized by medium low land and clay textured soil belonging to the High Ganges River Flood Plain (AEZ 11). Thirteen advanced lines of garlic viz. T₁ (GC001), T₂ (GC005), T₃ (GC0012), T₄ (GC0017), T₅ (GC0018), T₆ (GC0024), T₇ (GC0027), T₈(GC0028, T₉ (GC0031), T₁₀ (GC0036), T₁₁ (Jayati), T₁₂ (Gangajoli) and T₁₃ (Single clove) along with two varieties T₁₄ (BARI Rasun 1) and T₁₅ (BARI Rasun 2) were used for the experimentation. The unit plot size was 1.5m x 1.2m. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. After the recession of floodwater from the experimental field, the plot retains sufficient moisture within a couple of days. In such soil moisture conditions, separated healthy cloves of the tested lines and varieties were planted in an experimental plot under no-tillage condition on 21 November 2013 maintaining 15 cm row to row and 10 cm plant to plant spacing. After planting cloves, rice straw mulches were placed homogeneously over the planted plot to enshroud the garlic cloves. The fields were fertilized with 160-52-125-25-3 Kg ha^-1 N-P-K-S-B, respectively. The entire amount of all fertilizers except urea was broadcasted in the saturated soil of the plot before planting cloves. Half amount of urea was applied as basal and the remaining half was applied in two equal splits immediately after first and second irrigation. Weedings were done two times to keep the land weed-free. After visualizing the preliminary symptom of Purple blotch and Thrips infestation Rovral 50 WP @ 2 g L^-1 and Malathion 57 EC @ 2 ml L^-1 were applied three times with 7-10 days intervals to control the disease and pest. Other management practices were done when necessary. The crops were harvested on 27 April 2014. Data on yield and yield contributing parameters were measured at the maturity stage. Data on premature sprouting was recorded upon the counting of sprouted bulbs at the premature stage of crops. Collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance with the help of MSTATC software (version 1.2; Michigan State University; MI, USA). The significant differences between treatment means were compared by Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% level of probability as outlined by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2 (2015) 90-95

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Cultivation of inferior genotypes with traditional production practices is considered to be the main cause for low yield in Bangladesh. Many studies report that premature sprouting deteriorates the storage quality of garlic bulbs. All the accessions showed higher productivity with satisfactory economic return under no-tillage mulched conditions. They also performed better against premature sprouting except for Jayati, Gangajoli, and Single clove. Although the accessions showed optimistic results under zero tillage mulched conditions, further study on irrigation scheduling is needed to investigate the effect of soil moisture, especially at the later stage on premature sprouting of garlic under different tillage systems.

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