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First Service Influencing Factors for Pregnancy Rate in Dairy Cows of Bangladesh

Ashit Kumar Paul
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barisal, 8210, Bangladesh.

Anup Kumar Mandal
Department of Economics and Sociology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out to investigate the pregnancy rate of dairy cattle at first artificial insemination (AI). In this study, we considered a breed, age parity, body condition, a cow in milk or dry, feeding category, and open period as probable influencing factors for pregnancy. Depending on the relative quantitative contribution of these factors on fertility, some suggestions regarding fertility improvement of cows in the AI services were implied. The fertility data on a total of 450 cows were exploited in the experiment to investigate the effect of breed, age parity, body condition, a cow in milk or dry, feeding category, and open period. Statistical analysis of the results indicated that pregnancy rate was greatly affected by (P<0.05) age significantly (P<0.01) affected by feeding parity, body weight, and milking. However, no other factors exerted a significant effect on cow pregnancy rate. The results of the present study suggested that among factors, feeding sufficient amount of green grass, age, bodyweight to be manipulated in order to achieve desired pregnancy rate. Moreover, farmers' alertness regarding the insemination of the heifer (parity-0) must well be taken care of in order to realize desired pregnancy rate.

Keywords: First artificial insemination, Pregnancy rate, Dairy cows, Breed, Parity

Location: All over Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

To analyze the effect of different factors on pregnancy rate at first AI.

Methodology:

We selected 450 cows from different parts of Bangladesh. It was recorded by checking their record book and asking the farmer. Four types of breeds were selected for this study. These are local (L), Friesian (F) cross (L×F), Sahiwal (SL) cross (L×SL) and L×SL×F cross. Cows were different age and those were divided in < 2.5, 2.6 to 3.5, 3.6 to 5, 5.1 to 6.5, 6.6 to 8, >8.1 years. Cows were divided in Parity-0 (heifer), Parity-1, Parity-2, Parity-3, Parity-4, Parity-5, Parity-6, Parity-7 and Parity-10. Cows were different body condition scores were considered for the study. Cows were different body weight were divided in <200, 201- 250, 251 to 300, >301kg. Cows were in the different feeding systems. The cows were divided into poor feeding (1 Kg concentrate & no green grass, sufficient straw), moderate feeding (1-3kg concentrate and 4-5 kg green grass), and good feeding (balanced concentrate & green grass, good feeding (3-3.5kg concentrate & sufficient green grass). The average interval from parturition to the first insemination was defined as an open period in this study. The open period was divided into less than 100, 101 to 200, more than 201 days. Cows commonly show estrus approximately every 21 days (20 days for a heifer). The estrus was detected by observing the estrus sign and rectal palpation. Pregnancy was diagnosed by palpation of the uterine contents rectally. Pregnancy diagnosis after insemination can be conducted as early as 30 days in heifers and 35 days in cows, although much practice is necessary to be able to determine pregnancy at that stage. BSC (Body condition score) was determined as described by Paul et al.. The data were then transferred to analytical software SPSS (version 16.0) for doing logistic regression to measure the association and strength of association between the potential influencing factors.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2 (2015) 64-69

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study indicates that there is a strong effect of breed, age parity, body condition, a cow in milk or dry, feeding category, and open period for pregnancy rate in cows. The problems associated with fertility failure in cows have been recognized today as a burning issue in the cattle breeding program of Bangladesh. Extreme pregnancy rate is therefore very much essential for the sustainability of a qualitative dairy farm.

Knowledge Management: Journal