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Environmental Impact on Green Industrialization of Bangladesh

Md.Taibur Rahman
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Farhana Habib
Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The main objective of the study was to determine and describe the environmental impact on the green industrialization of Bangladesh. It was measured by computing change in building and structural integrity of factory, water, and water reuse, workplace environment and safety, transport and source of energy, factors affected in the green industry, operational and maintenance cost of factory and their contribution towards Green industry of the respondents after their involvement with green industry development activities. Data were collected from a sample of randomly selected 58 factories in Dhaka, Narayanganj, and chattogram District from April 2019 to July 2019. The standardized partial ‘b’ co-efficient of the above 14 independent variables formed the equation contributing to 51.8 percent of the total variation in the green industry. The average building and structural integrity of the RMG entrepreneurs increased 3.095, water and water reuse in the green industry of the RMG entrepreneurs increased 3.071, workplace environment and safety in the green industry of RMG entrepreneurs increased 2.304, transport and source of energy in the green industry of RMG entrepreneur increased 2.548 and factors affected in the green industry of the RMG entrepreneurs increased 7.182 after the involvement of green industrialization activities. Findings indicate that in building and structural integrity of the factory, water, and water reuse, workplace environment and safety, transport and source of energy, factors affected in the green industry, operational and maintenance cost of the factory and Their Contribution Towards Green industry of the respondents increased significantly due to participation with green industrialization.

Keywords: Environmental impact, Climate Smart Agriculture, Energy, Water re use, Safety issue.

Location: Dhaka, Narayanganj, and Chattogram District in Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-04-2019

End Date: 00-07-2019

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Climate change

Objectives:

The main objective of the study was to determine and describe the environmental impact on the green industrialization of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Bangladesh Bank (BB) has updated its definition of the micro, cottage, small, and medium enterprises in line with the National Industrial Policy 2016. In National Industrial Policy 2016 Large RMG Industry is defined as the factory that has more than 1000 workers and the Medium RMG industry that has the utmost 1000 workers. But in the case of a small RMG factory, the definition does not match with the real scenario. That’s why we have defined a factory as a small Category if the factory has workers not more than 500. However, some heavily capital-intensive factories will not be covered by this self-defined definition. For this, it has considered 3 stratums depending on the size of the factory and their production capacity: small, medium, and large. The proposed study is expected to depend heavily on the sample size of 58 Green factories. The study framework will be developed on the structural questionnaire framework from the factory including top and mid-level management. For collecting factory-based primary data, specially designed questionnaires will be employed. As the study aims to collect case study-based primary data, mainly will be collected primary data from mid and top-level management at the factory level. In addition to this, information will also be collected to understand the nature of capacity building framework for the green industry. The proposed study will conduct a field research survey in three clusters including Dhaka, Narayanganj, and chattogram Firstly, Using stratified systematic sampling based on RMG industry category’s status factories will be selected. This study selected three types of factories such as (i) Large Factories (ii) Medium Factories and (iii) Small factories. An extensive and in-depth questionnaire will be developed to collect basic information and related data to assess the existing situation of the industry. On the basis of the objectives of the study after data collection, data will be compiled, coded, and analyzed. The statistical measures such as range, mean, percentage distribution, standard deviation, rank order, categories, etc. will be used to interpret the data. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) and regression tests will be used to influence different variables of the study. To comprise the before and after paired t-test are used to measure the variables. Using descriptive statistics, the data will be analyzed in terms of frequency distribution and percentage using SPSS as raw data was difficult to understand for meaningful conclusions to be made. The data was presented using tables, frequencies, figures, and percentages. The Environmental Impact of green industry activities of the beneficiaries was measured on the basis of the extent of change that occurred in three selected dimensions as a result of their involvement with the green industry activities. The measurement of the selected dimensions was as follows. It was measured on the basis of the extent of change that occurred in 5 selected dimensions. These five dimensions had two situation-‘before’ and ‘after’ all before the situation’s score had added together and the same case for after the situation. Finally, change in water use ad re-use score was measured by computing between ‘before’ and ‘after’ situations. A score of one (1) was assigned for each material used for the factory and 0(zero) for non-used materials. It was measured on the basis of the extent of change that occurred in 5 selected dimensions. It referred to the condition of the environmental safety issue of the beneficiaries factory both “before” and “after” involvement with the Green industry. These responses were scored as 0 for “no ”, 1 for “ yes”. The change in Environment &Safety issue was measured on the basis of the housing unit score of the respondents between “before” and “after” involvement with the Green industry. It was measured on the basis of the extent of change that occurred in 5 selected dimensions. It referred to the type of toilet facilities of the respondents both “before” and “after” involvement with the green industry. Each respondent was asked to indicate whether the transport facilities were squatting “alternative transport”, “staff bus” and “on foot”. The Source of Energy used in the Factory was measured on the basis of the transport and energy score of the respondents between “before” and “after” involvement with the green industry in RMG sectors. A score of one (1) was assigned for each material used for the factory and 0(zero) for non-used materials. Knowledge level on Climate Change: Knowledge is those behavior and test situations that emphasized remembering either by recognition or recall of idea, material, or phenomenon. In this study, Climate change knowledge would be indicated by the extent of understanding the harmful effects of climate change. It will be measured as evident from his responses to a set of questions related to climate change those would be logically and scientifically prepared for this purpose at the time of interview. Score (01) will be given for each of the correct answers and (0) will be given for no or incorrect answers.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences, Vol. 19, No. 3, p. 119-125, 2021, ISSN: 2220-6655

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/19.3.119-125

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The government of Bangladesh has already taken several programs to address the Coherently addressing the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires planning tools that guide policymakers. Among the 17 Goals, this study adopts SDG6 Ensure access to water and sanitation for all, SDG7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy, SDGs 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth, SDG12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns and SDG13 Take urgent action to combat climate and its impacts to green industrialization of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal