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Culture of Three Seaweed Species in Cox’s Bazar Coast, Bangladesh

Md Mohidul Islam
Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, BFRI, Cox's Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

Jakia Hasan
Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, BFRI, Cox's Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

Md Zulfikar Ali
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Md Enamul Hoq
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experimental culture of 3 seaweed species, i.e. Hypnea musciformis, Enteromorpha intestinalis, and Padina tetrastromatica in three locations of Cox’s Bazar coast, Bangladesh using 4×4 m horizontal coir rope net method were conducted during 2016 to 2018. Results showed that the biomass yield was highest from H. musciformis (30.23±0.40 kg fw m⁻¹) and significantly differ from E. intestinalis (24.50±0.08 kg fw m⁻¹) and P. tetrastromatica (10.18±0.45 kg fw m⁻¹). The Daily Growth Rate (DGR) of H. musciformis (8.88% day⁻¹) was also higher than the DGR of E. intestinalis (6.55% day⁻¹) and P. tetrastromatica (6.74% day⁻¹). Saint Martin’s Island showed a higher biomass yield of seaweeds than Bakkhali and Inani due to favorable water quality. In context to Physico-chemical parameters of seaweed farming, Cox's Bazar coast is suitable for seaweed cultivation, although more suitable culture areas and longer culture periods are yet to be identified. The findings of the present study suggest that the cultivation of H. musciformis is viable and coastal people can take up such activities as seasonal income-generating activity in coastal water.

Keywords: Hypnea musciformis, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Padina tetrastromatica

Location: St. Martin’s Island of Teknaf Upazilla, Inani of Ukhia Upazilla, and Bakkhali River estuary under Sadar Upazilla of Cox’s Bazar district.

Start Date: 00-01-2016

End Date: 00-04-2018

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Seaweed

Objectives:

The cultivation of H. musciformis is viable and coastal people can take up such activities as seasonal income-generating activity in coastal water.

Methodology:

Experimental culture sites of seaweeds were setup on intertidal zones of St. Martin’s Island of Teknaf Upazilla(N20°37.043, E092°19.715), Inani of Ukhia Upazilla (N21°13.941, E092°02.596), and Bakkhali River estuary under Sadar Upazilla (N21°28.500, E091°57.941) of Cox’s Bazar district, located in the north-eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal. St. Martin’s Island is characterized by sandy and rocky bottom and protected by the coral reef with slanting; where wave action is weak. On the other hand, Inani beach has a sandy bottom with large numbers of boulders, pebbles, broken peels, etc. The Bakkhali river estuary site is mostly sandy to the muddy bottom. The culture experiment was conducted for a period of 90 days in a season from January to April of 2016 to 2018. Seaweed culture system: Natural fibered coir rope (made from coconut husk with 16 mm diameter) was used as culture material (4mx4m sized horizontal square net). The mesh size of the coir rope nets was maintained at 20 cm. in a bamboo frame. Four corners of the seaweeds culture nets were tied with bamboo poles or rocks and plastics floats were placed 50 cm above the sea bottom. The most abundant 3 types of seaweed species like green seaweed Enteromorpha intestinalis, brown seaweed Padina tetrastromatica, and red seaweed Hypnea musciformis were selected for the culture experiment. Seeding was done by inserting the young fragments of E. intestinalis, P. tetrastromatica and H. musciformis with an average of 4±0.5 kg fw (fresh weight) and 5 cm length in the twists of the coir ropes with a short length of string at a density of 35-40 seed/m2 for E. intestinalis and H. musciformis and 10-15 seed/m2 for P. tetrastromatica. During the culture period, partial harvesting of seaweeds was done after 15-20 days culture period. At the end of 90 days of experimental trials, the mean biomass of seaweed was recorded for E. intestinalis and H. musciformis and expressed as wet weight of seaweed per unit culture area (Kg/m2). For P. tetrastromatica 60 days culture trial was maintained. Seaweed biomass was estimated with the following formula: Y= (Wt− W0)/ A; Where: Y = biomass production; Wt= wet weight at day t; W0 = initial wet weight; A = area of 4 m2 net. During the culture of seaweeds, daily growth rate (DGR) was calculated in every 15 days of the culture period using a formula of Hung et al. DGR = [(Wt /W0)1/t−1] ×100 % day^-1; Where: W0 is the initial wet weight, Wt is the final wet weight, and t is days of culture. Water quality parameters: Water depth, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, Alkalinity, and water transparency of each culture sites were recorded at the time of partial harvest. Temperature was recorded by using a cellcious thermometer, salinity with a hand refractometer (Atago, Japan), and pH with a portable pH meter. Dissolved oxygen in seawater was recorded immediately after sampling by method following APHA and water transparency was measured by using a Secchi disk (30 cm in diameter). Statistical analysis: All data were analyzed by using Predictive Analysis Software (PASW), Statistics 18, and Microsoft Office Excel 2013. One-way ANOVA was conducted following Tukey’s HSD post-hoc for multiple comparisons. The level of significance considered was p < 0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 49(1): 47-56, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v49i1.53681

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the present study suggest that the cultivation of H. musciformis is viable and coastal people can take up such activities as seasonal income-generating activity in coastal water.

Knowledge Management: Journal