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Effect of Salt Stress on Germination and Seedling Growth in Four Maize Genotypes

Razia Sultana
Department of Seed Science and Technology; Currently: Executive Officer, MNT Seed Testing Laboratory, Lal Teer Seed Limited

Md. Nesar Uddin
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Abdur Rahim
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Solaiman Ali Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studying seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress is important to select salt tolerance maize genotype. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of different levels of NaCl concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth of four Maize genotypes. The laboratory experiment was conducted using two factors (salinity and genotypes) in a completely randomized design with four replications at the Seed Technology Laboratory, Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. Six levels of NaCl were 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM, and four Maize genotypes were BARI Maize 5, BARI Maize 7, Mosaic Maize line, and Plain Maize line. There were 24 treatments combination (4 genotypes x 6 NaCl conc.). The results showed that the seed germination percentage, root and shoot lengths, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, and salt tolerance index were significantly influenced by salt treatment. Results further revealed that seed germination and seedling growth were minimum at 300 mM NaCl and increased subsequently at lower NaCl concentrations viz. 250, 200, 150 mM NaCl and control condition. Genetic variation for seed germination and seedling growth were found. At 300 mM NaCl, none of the seeds of the four genotypes germinated except in BARI Maize 5 that indicated higher tolerance of this genotype to salt stress. It might be concluded that genetic differences for seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress existed among four tested maize genotypes with BARI Maize 5 having higher tolerance.

Keywords: Salt stress, Maize, Germination, Seedling

Location: Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2014

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

1. To determine seed germination and seedling growth in four maize genotypes as affected by varying degrees of salt stress imposed by NaCl solution, and

2. To assess genotypic variations of studied genotypes in terms of their relative performance under various levels of salt stress.

Methodology:

A Petri dish experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period of January 2014 to June 2014. The experiment was laid out following a completely randomized design (CRD) having two factors viz. NaCl concentrations and maize genotypes. Six different concentrations of NaCl viz. 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM were tested on four maize genotypes namely BARI Maize 5, BARI Maize 7, Plain Maize line, and Mosaic Maize line. Each treatment was replicated four times. Four Maize genotypes were used in the experiment. Among these four, seeds of two genotypes (BARI Maize 5 and BARI Maize 7) were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, while seeds of other two genotypes (Plain Maize line and Mosaic Maize line) were generously gifted by Prof. Dr. Md. Abdur Rahim, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from his BAU-USDA-ARS collection. Seeds were soaked in aerated water for 24 hours to facilitate imbibitions for activating the enzyme matrix responsible for germination. Surface moisture of seed were removed by blotting paper and then treated with the Thiram @ 5 g kg^-1 seed before placing them on the petri dish. Sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions of 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM were prepared from a stalk solution of 1 M NaCl. Distilled water was used as a control (0 mM NaCl). 192 seeds of each genotype were placed in two folds of Whatman no. 1 filter paper placed in Petri dishes following ISTA rules. Each Petri dish was moistened either with 4 mL of distilled water (control) or with one of the five levels of NaCl solution (100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM NaCl). The level of water and salt solution in Petri dishes were assessed daily and applied from time to time as per requirement. Germination percentage was recorded throughout the eight days whereas root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight were recorded on day 8. Germination was assayed at room temperature (25 ± 2°C). From the second day, the germinated seeds were counted daily at 10.00 am. At that time, those seeds were considered germinated whose radicle emerged out of the seed coat and measured ≥ 0.05 mm. The final germination percentage (GP) was calculated as follows: GP = Ni / N *100; Here, GP = Germination percentage, Ni = Number of germinated seeds on the last day of counting, N = Total number of seeds placed for germination The result is expressed in % by multiplying 100. Fresh weight was taken just after harvest with the help of a digital scale. For getting dry weight, samples were placed in the oven at 78 ± 2^°C for 48 hours. Afterward, samples were removed from the oven, cooled, and placed on digital precision balance for getting accurate dry weight. Data were analyzed following SPSS software and MS Excel 2007.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2016, 3(4): 20-27

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

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Achievement/Findings:

It might be concluded that genetic differences for seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress existed among four tested maize genotypes with BARI Maize 5 having higher tolerance.

Knowledge Management: Journal