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Phytodiversity in Relation to Some Environmental Factors of Some Wetland Habitats

MD ALMUJADDADE ALFASANE*
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

SAFIA PARVEEN
Eden Mohila College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

NAHEED MANSOOR
Eden Mohila College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

MAHMOUD MOUSTAFA
Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, 9004, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

AHMED AL-EMAM
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present research work was carried out on phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds namely, Pond-1, Pond-2 and Pond-3 of Zanjira upazila at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh where a total of 13 parameters were measured for one year. Monthly average different parameters of three ponds varied : air temperature from 23.5-36.50^oC, water temperature 21-30.50^oC,pH 7.10-8.50, TDS 55-227 mg/l, EC 103-463 µS/cm, DO 2.90-19.94 mg/l, alkalinity 0.73-5.40 meq/l, SRP 7.11-229.84 µg/l, SRS0.84-13.34 mg/l, NO3-N0.02-0.96 mg/l, chla1. 18-31.97 µg/l, phaeopigment 0.26-5.46 µg/l and phytoplankton density 6.50-119.50×106 ind/l. The total number of 122 species of phytoplankton were recorded in the studied ponds. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, pH, TDS, EC, alkalinity and SRP for Pond-1. Phytoplankton density showed positive correlation with pH, TDS, EC, DO and alkalinity for Pond-2. On the other hand phytoplankton density of Pond-3 showed positive correlation with air temperature, water temperature, TDS, EC, alkalinity, SRP, SRS, NO3-N and chlorophyll-a. During the period of present investigation some aquatic plants were found to grow in those shallow margins of the studied three ponds. Results indicated that Pond-1 is in a position undergoing eutrophic status, Pond-2 and Pond-3 are in the oligotrophic status. If the anthropogenic disturbances are continued in these ponds, it is likely that in near future these ponds would turn to eutrophic.

Keywords: Phytodiversity, Environmental factors, Ponds, Wetland habitats

Location: Monai Chhaiyalerkandi village, Zanjira Upazila at Shariatpur district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Wetland

Objectives:

In Bangladesh so far no research on phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds of Zanjiraupazila at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh were carried out. Thus the present study aimed to investigate phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds, popularly known as Dilu Mridha’s pond, Faraz Ali Pathan’s pond and Nazrul Akand’s pond of Zanjira Upazila at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The present research work was carried out on phytodiversity in relation to some environmental factors of three ponds namely, Pond-1 (P-1), Pond-2 (P-2) and Pond-3 (P-3) of Monai Chhaiyalerkandi village, Zanjira Upazila at Shariatpur district, about 42 km south of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh where a total of 13 parameters were measured for one year study. There are one or several ponds in front or back side of every house in this village. These ponds which were dug out manually for the domestic purpose play important role in everyday life of the inhabitants living around them. Status of the selected three old ponds are: P-1 (23° 35' 1418"N, 90°31'2504"E) , P-2 (23° 35' 1342"N, 90°31'3146"E) and P-3 (25° 05' 1360"N, 90°38'823"E). During the present research a total of 36 samples were collected between 7.30 and 9.30 am. After collection, all samples were preserved in an insulated Ice box using cool packs and were brought to the National Professor AKM Nurul Islam laboratory (Phycology, Limnology and Hydrobiology), University of Dhaka for analysis. The preserving temperature was ≥ 10°C and processed within 24 hrs of collection. Air temperature, water temperature, secchi depth, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) and conductivity were measured in situ using portable devices. Alkalinity was determined after Mackereth et al. (1978) and dissolved oxygen (DO) and soluble reactive silicate (SRS) after Wetzel and Likens (1979), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) after Murphy and Rilley (1962) and Müller and Wiedemann (1955). Chlorophyll-a and phaeopigment were determined after Marker et al. (1980). Samples of Phytoplankton were collected by sedimentation technique with Lugol's solution and quantification of plankton was done with the help of a HBCC (Helber bacterial counting chamber, having a fixed volume (0.01 ml) under compound microscope, Nikon (Optiphot, UFX-11A) fitted with a camera (Nikon FX-35 WA, Japan). Pearson correlation was done (SPSS v20) to find out the relationship between the environmental factors and total phytoplankton density.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1087-1094, 2021 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v50i4.57076

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the overall study it may be concluded that three ponds of Zanjira Upazila at Shariatpur district are undergoing organic pollution and are presently in the undergoing eutrophic status in P1 and oligotrophic status in P-2 and P-3. If the anthropogenic disturbances as mentioned above are continued in these ponds, it is likely that in near future these ponds would turn to eutrophic and then highly eutrophic systems which are undesirable not only for human use but also for the local environment, as these ponds might later on turn to breeding grounds of mosquitoes, snails and other pathogenic organisms. Therefore, there is a necessity to manage these ponds. The study also reveals that management of three ponds should take into consideration not only the disturbances within the ponds but also the disturbances in their surrounding land areas. For carrying out the management activities of these ponds, riparian people should be made aware of the fact and accordingly necessary management steps should be taken.

Knowledge Management: Journal