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Detection of Drug-resistant Bacteria in Different Ice Creams Available in Local Market of Dhaka City

Md. Musa Howlader
Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh

Tahmina Shammi*
Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Sound microbiological quality of ice cream should be ensured for being a widely popular dairy food in the world. Present study was conducted to determine the microbiological quality of different ice cream samples available in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 3 ice cream samples were collected and processed to detect the microbiological quality as well as drug resistant trait of the isolates through several conventional Kirby Bauer method. All the samples were found to be contaminated with the total viable bacteria and fungi within the range of 1.2×104 cfu/ml to 4.3×106 cfu/ml. The presence of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus was also observed up to 104 cfu/ml. However, the fecal contamination was totally absent in all the samples. Antibiotic profile of two isolates was measured against 8 commonly used antibiotics and both E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be resistant against more than one antibiotics. Appropriate hygienic and storage condition should be maintained concerning the health safety of consumers.

Keywords: Ice Cream; Contamination; Drug Resistance

Location: Local market of Dhaka city

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Ice-cream, Bacteria

Objectives:

This study was designed to determine the microbiological properties and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the resistant bacteria present in the Ice Cream samples.

Methodology:

Sampling plan. This study was carried out during the summer period at Dhaka, Bangladesh. In this time, people consume ice cream in a large amount. Three Ice Cream samples of different brands were collected from the local market of Shantinagar randomly. The samples were aseptically collected from -16°C refrigerator and the valid expiry dates and intact seals were ensured. The collected ice cream samples were then transported to the laboratory as soon as possible for further experiments by following the method suggested by American Public Health Association.

Samples preparation and processing. After transportation of the ice cream samples to the laboratory, we kept these in the water bath at 45°C for the thawing process. The top parts of the packets were opened carefully and samples were collected by using a sterile micropipette aseptically when the samples became liquid completely. Afterward, each of the collected samples were transferred to 9ml normal saline in sterile test tubes. The samples were then diluted up to 105 dilutions for the enumeration of total viable bacterial count.

Microbiological Analyses. For the enumeration of total viable bacterial count (TVBC), an aliquot of 0.1 ml from 10-3 dilutions of each sample were introduced onto the nutrient agar (NA) plates by the spread plate technique. After that, the inoculated nutrient agar plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. For the enumeration of fecal coliform count, an aliquot of 0.1ml from 102 dilutions of each sample were introduced onto the m-FC agar plates by the spread plate technique and incubated at 44.5°C for 24 hours. An aliquot of 0.1ml from 10-2 dilutions of each sample were introduced onto MacConkey agar and Manitol Salt agar plates by the spread plate technique for the enumeration of total coliform and Staphylococcus aureus. The inoculated agar plates were then kept at 37°C in an incubator for 24 hours. And, for the detection of any fungal count, an aliquot of 0.1 ml from 10-3 dilutions of each samples were introduced onto the Saboured Dextrose Agar plate by following the spread plate method and incubated at 25°C for 48 hours.

Antibiotic susceptibility testing. The disc diffusion method was applied to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated E.coli and Staphylococcus colonies. Muller Hington (MH) Agar plates were used for this experiment and the agar plates were seeded by earlier prepared cell suspension with a turbidity of 0.5 McFarland standards. The suspensions were streaked onto the MH agar plates by sterile cotton swabs carefully. After that, the antibiotic discs were placed on the agar plates and kept at 30°C for 24 hours in the incubator. Total eight types of antibiotics were used for the experiment. They are: Oxacillin (OX1), Kanamycin (K30), Ampicillin (AM10), Cefixime (CFM5), Erythromycin (E15), Azithromycin (AZM30), Tetracycline (TE 30) and Chloramphenicol (C30). After the incubation period, the zones of inhibition were measured and recorded.

Source of Information: Stamford Journal of Microbiology, 2017. Vol. 7, Issue 1, p. 33-35 ISSN: 2074-5346 (Print); 2408-8846 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v7i1.40069

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Along with the contamination of different pathogenic bacteria in available ice cream samples, the resistance ability of these pathogens is increasing in an alarming rate day by day. More focus should be tuned for controlling multidrug resistance of pathogens isolated from food samples. Proper manufacturing protocols should be ensured during the processing, transportation and handling of food products to decline the contamination which can act as perilous for the human being after consumption.

Knowledge Management: Journal